extensions/browser/url_loader_factory_manager.cc

// Copyright 2018 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "extensions/browser/url_loader_factory_manager.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include "base/command_line.h"
#include "base/containers/flat_set.h"
#include "base/feature_list.h"
#include "base/hash/sha1.h"
#include "base/metrics/field_trial_params.h"
#include "base/no_destructor.h"
#include "base/stl_util.h"
#include "base/strings/string_split.h"
#include "content/public/browser/browser_context.h"
#include "content/public/browser/render_frame_host.h"
#include "content/public/browser/render_process_host.h"
#include "content/public/browser/web_contents.h"
#include "extensions/browser/extension_registry.h"
#include "extensions/browser/process_map.h"
#include "extensions/common/constants.h"
#include "extensions/common/cors_util.h"
#include "extensions/common/extension.h"
#include "extensions/common/extension_features.h"
#include "extensions/common/extension_set.h"
#include "extensions/common/manifest_handlers/content_scripts_handler.h"
#include "extensions/common/switches.h"
#include "extensions/common/user_script.h"
#include "services/network/public/mojom/network_context.mojom.h"
#include "services/network/public/mojom/url_loader_factory.mojom.h"
#include "url/gurl.h"
#include "url/origin.h"
#include "url/scheme_host_port.h"
#include "url/url_constants.h"

namespace extensions {

namespace {

enum class FactoryUser {
  kContentScript,
  kExtensionProcess,
};

// The allowlist contains HashedExtensionId of extensions discovered via
// Extensions.CrossOriginFetchFromContentScript2 Rappor data.  When the data was
// gathered, these extensions relied on making cross-origin requests from
// content scripts (which requires relaxing CORB).  Going forward, these
// extensions should migrate to making those requests from elsewhere (e.g. from
// a background page, or in the future from extension service workers) at which
// point they can be removed from the allowlist.
//
// Migration plan for extension developers is described at
// https://chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/extension-content-script-fetches
const char* kHardcodedPartOfCorbAllowlist[] = {
    "039F93DD1DF836F1D4E2084C1BEFDB46A854A9D1",
    "03E5D80A49C309F7B55ED6BD2B0EDEB38021ED4E",
    "072D729E856B1F2C9894AEEC3A5DF65E519D6BEE",
    "07333481B7B8D7F57A9BA64FB98CF86EA87455FC",
    "086E69ED9071DCB20C93A081A68360963AB09385",
    "0872D01871BC7F7428E075D656874AD43580B575",
    "09386608C84745F0A05AC8C97165D8D76AC83771",
    "0A8E468BCEAA5626207AB77C431C31C1F2A8F76A",
    "0C011D916B15E5451E1B84BD14397B8EC98F455B",
    "0CB16BAEE070B7617E9188B387C44964FB705D79",
    "0D6C5E12B5D03639257D4C83AE1C27ECF1419C98",
    "0EAEA2FDEE025D95B3ABB37014EFF5A98AC4BEAE",
    "0FCD1282065485458E630683F098F591B24C406D",
    "109A37B889E7C8AEA7B0103559C3EB6AF73B7832",
    "11AF49711EE340C366CC820C98E3CA2AD7D7DE07",
    "16A81AEA09A67B03F7AEA5B957D24A4095E764BE",
    "1AB9CC404876117F49135E67BAD813F935AAE9BA",
    "1B9251EF3EDD5A2B2872B168406F36FB18C72F37",
    "1CDDF7436E5F891E1D5E37164F7EB992AECA0E2D",
    "1DB115A4344B58C0B7CC1595662E86C9E92C0848",
    "1DF1ED7172DC5B9FF337909ED5C32DED74084825",
    "1E37F1A19C1C528E616637B105CFC4838ECF52B4",
    "24B24CBA3D4B395503F9B0D6286E55E0FDDE4D69",
    "260871EABEDE6F2D07D0D9450096093EDAFCBF34",
    "28A9EDFD65BC27B5048E516AA7165339F5ACBB30",
    "2A661509BCE9F8384B00CFC96807597D71DFE94C",
    "2AA94E2D3F4DA33F0D3BCF5DD48F69B8BDB26F52",
    "2E2D8A405430172AB15ADCC09740F3EEE990D605",
    "30E95BD31B11118CE488EB4FC5FF7135E0C59425",
    "31E6100DC7B4EAB4ABF6CA2A4E191D3945D3C731",
    "3230014EA01150A27C1887B700E019B27A6DBA08",
    "34FB670464B5F16EF5ABD6CD53E26030E97C26B3",
    "360D8A88545D0C21CBDE2B55EA9E4E4285282B4C",
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    "3A2E664CA697C622EA4CFA40373B3E641C01713B",
    "3BC834B48C2C13765147FBAD710F792F026378D8",
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    "5F0C47BC039BEDC1B29B68918F75370C292076A6",
    "61E581B10D83C0AEF8366BB64C18C6615884B3D2",
    "628FDD7CB49D46CF545AB9D46B3188802104F973",
    "6357533CAFFB94A9EA5268ED110079E15561E469",
    "65C20C06ED10E6F39EED527AC736D87B0390DE70",
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    "6D3A671DABC1F87910A1AA67EE85C02095D35624",
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    "7C9DEE7EABBF6C722DC7C1B86460F0507E5AA561",
    "808FA9BB3CD501D7801D1CD6D5A3DBA088FDD46F",
    "81FD24AF95679B900370DB857CE2EACADBE50A9B",
    "82FDBBF79F3517C3946BD89EAAF90C46DFDA4681",
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    "83B6C75264D5D2F81FDEFD681EDD2076DD8F0B9B",
    "88C372CE52E21560C17BFD52556E60D694E12CAC",
    "88F5F459139892C0F5DF3022676726BB3F01FB5C",
    "896C60AC2F7F03B4F582027DD2107F3BB67DF69D",
    "89C9B32115F19A18E9BE4906DC59F24A934CB9F0",
    "89F40D84C0C72C6B02B320716E877FB1671218E9",
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    "8CDD303D6C341D9CAB16713C3CD7587B90A7A84A",
    "8CE6227B4E53DF42FF93B24F49D15EDE31E97E79",
    "905C225238FB337834F193DF48550D721445B438",
    "9233B7F0B98FCC181ED43AFAF58056C4EDCED162",
    "92F2B155490417F0797849C81292E3986EBE6811",
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    "FF8257C73304BA655E10F324C962504BA6691DF2",
};

constexpr size_t kHashedExtensionIdLength = base::kSHA1Length * 2;
bool IsValidHashedExtensionId(const std::string& hash) {
  bool correct_chars = std::all_of(hash.begin(), hash.end(), [](char c) {
    return ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') || ('0' <= c && c <= '9');
  });
  bool correct_length = (kHashedExtensionIdLength == hash.length());
  return correct_chars && correct_length;
}

std::vector<std::string> CreateExtensionAllowlist() {
  std::vector<std::string> allowlist;
  if (base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess()->HasSwitch(
          switches::kForceEmptyCorbAllowlist)) {
    return allowlist;
  }

  // Append extensions from the hardcoded allowlist.
  allowlist.reserve(base::size(kHardcodedPartOfCorbAllowlist));
  for (const char* hash : kHardcodedPartOfCorbAllowlist) {
    DCHECK(IsValidHashedExtensionId(hash));  // It also validates the length.
    allowlist.push_back(std::string(hash, kHashedExtensionIdLength));
  }

  return allowlist;
}

// Returns a set of HashedExtensionId of extensions that depend on relaxed CORB
// behavior in their content scripts.
base::flat_set<std::string>& GetExtensionsAllowlist() {
  static base::NoDestructor<base::flat_set<std::string>> s_allowlist([] {
    base::flat_set<std::string> result(CreateExtensionAllowlist());
    result.shrink_to_fit();
    return result;
  }());
  return *s_allowlist;
}

bool DoContentScriptsDependOnRelaxedCorb(const Extension& extension) {
  // Content scripts injected by Chrome Apps (e.g. into <webview> tag) need to
  // run with relaxed CORB.
  if (extension.is_platform_app())
    return true;

  // Content scripts in the current version of extensions might depend on
  // relaxed CORB.
  if (extension.manifest_version() <= 2) {
    const std::string& hash = extension.hashed_id().value();
    DCHECK(IsValidHashedExtensionId(hash));
    return base::Contains(GetExtensionsAllowlist(), hash);
  }

  // Safe fallback for future extension manifest versions.
  return false;
}

bool DoExtensionPermissionsCoverCorsOrCorbRelatedOrigins(
    const Extension& extension) {
  // TODO(lukasza): https://crbug.com/846346: Return false if the |extension|
  // doesn't need a special URLLoaderFactory based on |extension| permissions.
  // For now we conservatively assume that all extensions need relaxed CORS/CORB
  // treatment.
  return true;
}

bool IsSpecialURLLoaderFactoryRequired(const Extension& extension,
                                       FactoryUser factory_user) {
  switch (factory_user) {
    case FactoryUser::kContentScript:
      return DoContentScriptsDependOnRelaxedCorb(extension) &&
             DoExtensionPermissionsCoverCorsOrCorbRelatedOrigins(extension);
    case FactoryUser::kExtensionProcess:
      return DoExtensionPermissionsCoverCorsOrCorbRelatedOrigins(extension);
  }
}

network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo CreateURLLoaderFactory(
    content::RenderProcessHost* process,
    network::mojom::NetworkContext* network_context,
    mojo::PendingRemote<network::mojom::TrustedURLLoaderHeaderClient>*
        header_client,
    const Extension& extension) {
  // Compute relaxed CORB config to be used by |extension|.
  network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryParamsPtr params =
      network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryParams::New();

  // Setup factory bound allow list that overwrites per-profile common list
  // to allow tab specific permissions only for this newly created factory.
  params->factory_bound_allow_patterns = CreateCorsOriginAccessAllowList(
      extension,
      PermissionsData::EffectiveHostPermissionsMode::kIncludeTabSpecific);

  if (header_client)
    params->header_client = std::move(*header_client);
  params->process_id = process->GetID();
  // TODO(lukasza): https://crbug.com/846346: Use more granular CORB enforcement
  // based on the specific |extension|'s permissions.
  params->is_corb_enabled = false;
  params->request_initiator_site_lock = url::Origin::Create(extension.url());

  // Create the URLLoaderFactory.
  network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo factory_info;
  network_context->CreateURLLoaderFactory(mojo::MakeRequest(&factory_info),
                                          std::move(params));
  return factory_info;
}

void MarkInitiatorsAsRequiringSeparateURLLoaderFactory(
    content::RenderFrameHost* frame,
    std::vector<url::Origin> request_initiators,
    bool push_to_renderer_now) {
  DCHECK(!request_initiators.empty());
  frame->MarkInitiatorsAsRequiringSeparateURLLoaderFactory(
      std::move(request_initiators), push_to_renderer_now);
}

// If |match_about_blank| is true, then traverses parent/opener chain until the
// first non-about-scheme document and returns its url.  Otherwise, simply
// returns |document_url|.
//
// This function approximates ScriptContext::GetEffectiveDocumentURL from the
// renderer side.  Unlike the renderer version of this code (in
// ScriptContext::GetEffectiveDocumentURL) the code below doesn't consider
// whether security origin of |frame| can access |next_candidate|.  This is
// okay, because our only caller (DoesContentScriptMatchNavigatingFrame) expects
// false positives.
GURL GetEffectiveDocumentURL(content::RenderFrameHost* frame,
                             const GURL& document_url,
                             bool match_about_blank) {
  base::flat_set<content::RenderFrameHost*> already_visited_frames;

  // Common scenario. If |match_about_blank| is false (as is the case in most
  // extensions), or if the frame is not an about:-page, just return
  // |document_url| (supposedly the URL of the frame).
  if (!match_about_blank || !document_url.SchemeIs(url::kAboutScheme))
    return document_url;

  // Non-sandboxed about:blank and about:srcdoc pages inherit their security
  // origin from their parent frame/window. So, traverse the frame/window
  // hierarchy to find the closest non-about:-page and return its URL.
  content::RenderFrameHost* found_frame = frame;
  do {
    DCHECK(found_frame);
    already_visited_frames.insert(found_frame);

    // The loop should only execute (and consider the parent chain) if the
    // currently considered frame has about: scheme.
    DCHECK(match_about_blank);
    DCHECK(
        ((found_frame == frame) && document_url.SchemeIs(url::kAboutScheme)) ||
        (found_frame->GetLastCommittedURL().SchemeIs(url::kAboutScheme)));

    // Attempt to find |next_candidate| - either a parent of opener of
    // |found_frame|.
    content::RenderFrameHost* next_candidate = found_frame->GetParent();
    if (!next_candidate) {
      next_candidate =
          content::WebContents::FromRenderFrameHost(found_frame)->GetOpener();
    }
    if (!next_candidate ||
        base::Contains(already_visited_frames, next_candidate)) {
      break;
    }

    found_frame = next_candidate;
  } while (found_frame->GetLastCommittedURL().SchemeIs(url::kAboutScheme));

  if (found_frame == frame)
    return document_url;  // Not committed yet at ReadyToCommitNavigation time.
  return found_frame->GetLastCommittedURL();
}

// If |user_script| will inject JavaScript content script into the target of
// |navigation|, then DoesContentScriptMatchNavigatingFrame returns true.
// Otherwise it may return either true or false.  Note that this function
// ignores CSS content scripts.
//
// This function approximates a subset of checks from
// UserScriptSet::GetInjectionForScript (which runs in the renderer process).
// Unlike the renderer version, the code below doesn't consider ability to
// create an injection host or the results of ScriptInjector::CanExecuteOnFrame.
// Additionally the |effective_url| calculations are also only an approximation.
// This is okay, because we may return either true even if no content scripts
// would be injected (i.e. it is okay to create a special URLLoaderFactory when
// in reality the content script won't be injected and won't need the factory).
bool DoesContentScriptMatchNavigatingFrame(
    const UserScript& user_script,
    content::RenderFrameHost* navigating_frame,
    const GURL& navigation_target) {
  // A special URLLoaderFactory is only needed for Javascript content scripts
  // (and is never needed for CSS-only injections).
  if (user_script.js_scripts().empty())
    return false;

  GURL effective_url = GetEffectiveDocumentURL(
      navigating_frame, navigation_target, user_script.match_about_blank());
  bool is_subframe = navigating_frame->GetParent();
  return user_script.MatchesDocument(effective_url, is_subframe);
}

}  // namespace

// static
bool URLLoaderFactoryManager::DoContentScriptsMatchNavigatingFrame(
    const Extension& extension,
    content::RenderFrameHost* navigating_frame,
    const GURL& navigation_target) {
  const UserScriptList& list =
      ContentScriptsInfo::GetContentScripts(&extension);
  return std::any_of(list.begin(), list.end(),
                     [navigating_frame, navigation_target](
                         const std::unique_ptr<UserScript>& script) {
                       return DoesContentScriptMatchNavigatingFrame(
                           *script, navigating_frame, navigation_target);
                     });
}

// static
void URLLoaderFactoryManager::ReadyToCommitNavigation(
    content::NavigationHandle* navigation) {
  content::RenderFrameHost* frame = navigation->GetRenderFrameHost();
  const GURL& url = navigation->GetURL();

  std::vector<url::Origin> initiators_requiring_separate_factory;
  const ExtensionRegistry* registry =
      ExtensionRegistry::Get(frame->GetProcess()->GetBrowserContext());
  DCHECK(registry);  // ReadyToCommitNavigation shouldn't run during shutdown.
  for (const auto& it : registry->enabled_extensions()) {
    const Extension& extension = *it;
    if (!DoContentScriptsMatchNavigatingFrame(extension, frame, url))
      continue;

    if (!IsSpecialURLLoaderFactoryRequired(extension,
                                           FactoryUser::kContentScript))
      continue;

    initiators_requiring_separate_factory.push_back(
        url::Origin::Create(extension.url()));
  }

  if (!initiators_requiring_separate_factory.empty()) {
    // At ReadyToCommitNavigation time there is no need to trigger an explicit
    // push of URLLoaderFactoryBundle to the renderer - it is sufficient if the
    // factories are pushed slightly later - during the commit.
    constexpr bool kPushToRendererNow = false;

    MarkInitiatorsAsRequiringSeparateURLLoaderFactory(
        frame, std::move(initiators_requiring_separate_factory),
        kPushToRendererNow);
  }
}

// static
void URLLoaderFactoryManager::WillExecuteCode(content::RenderFrameHost* frame,
                                              const HostID& host_id) {
  if (host_id.type() != HostID::EXTENSIONS)
    return;

  const ExtensionRegistry* registry =
      ExtensionRegistry::Get(frame->GetProcess()->GetBrowserContext());
  DCHECK(registry);  // WillExecuteCode shouldn't happen during shutdown.
  const Extension* extension =
      registry->enabled_extensions().GetByID(host_id.id());
  DCHECK(extension);  // Guaranteed by the caller - see the doc comment.

  if (!IsSpecialURLLoaderFactoryRequired(*extension,
                                         FactoryUser::kContentScript))
    return;

  // When WillExecuteCode runs, the frame already received the initial
  // URLLoaderFactoryBundle - therefore we need to request a separate push
  // below.  This doesn't race with the ExtensionMsg_ExecuteCode message,
  // because the URLLoaderFactoryBundle is sent to the renderer over
  // content.mojom.FrameNavigationControl interface which is associated with the
  // legacy IPC pipe (raciness will be introduced if that ever changes).
  constexpr bool kPushToRendererNow = true;

  MarkInitiatorsAsRequiringSeparateURLLoaderFactory(
      frame, {url::Origin::Create(extension->url())}, kPushToRendererNow);
}

// static
network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo URLLoaderFactoryManager::CreateFactory(
    content::RenderProcessHost* process,
    network::mojom::NetworkContext* network_context,
    mojo::PendingRemote<network::mojom::TrustedURLLoaderHeaderClient>*
        header_client,
    const url::Origin& initiator_origin) {
  content::BrowserContext* browser_context = process->GetBrowserContext();
  const ExtensionRegistry* registry = ExtensionRegistry::Get(browser_context);
  DCHECK(registry);  // CreateFactory shouldn't happen during shutdown.

  // Opaque origins normally don't inherit security properties of their
  // precursor origins, but here opaque origins (e.g. think data: URIs) created
  // by an extension should inherit CORS/CORB treatment of the extension.
  url::SchemeHostPort precursor_origin =
      initiator_origin.GetTupleOrPrecursorTupleIfOpaque();

  // Don't create a factory for something that is not an extension.
  if (precursor_origin.scheme() != kExtensionScheme)
    return network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo();

  // Find the |extension| associated with |initiator_origin|.
  const Extension* extension =
      registry->enabled_extensions().GetByID(precursor_origin.host());
  if (!extension) {
    // This may happen if an extension gets disabled between the time
    // RenderFrameHost::MarkInitiatorAsRequiringSeparateURLLoaderFactory is
    // called and the time
    // ContentBrowserClient::CreateURLLoaderFactory is called.
    return network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo();
  }

  // Figure out if the factory is needed for content scripts VS extension
  // renderer.
  FactoryUser factory_user = FactoryUser::kContentScript;
  ProcessMap* process_map = ProcessMap::Get(browser_context);
  if (process_map->Contains(extension->id(), process->GetID()))
    factory_user = FactoryUser::kExtensionProcess;

  // Create the factory (but only if really needed).
  if (!IsSpecialURLLoaderFactoryRequired(*extension, factory_user))
    return network::mojom::URLLoaderFactoryPtrInfo();
  return CreateURLLoaderFactory(process, network_context, header_client,
                                *extension);
}

// static
void URLLoaderFactoryManager::AddExtensionToAllowlistForTesting(
    const Extension& extension) {
  GetExtensionsAllowlist().insert(extension.hashed_id().value());
}

// static
void URLLoaderFactoryManager::RemoveExtensionFromAllowlistForTesting(
    const Extension& extension) {
  GetExtensionsAllowlist().erase(extension.hashed_id().value());
}

}  // namespace extensions