Chromium Docs

Glossary

This page provides definitions of phrases and terminology used in Chromium's continuous integration infrastructure.

Builds

  • Build: A Buildbucket job that runs a single CI-specific task. Composed of multiple steps rendered in Milo (e.g. a step for ‘fetching the source’, a step for ‘compile’, etc.). A build is associated with a single Builder. As of writing (Q3 2022), all Buildbucket builds are themselves Swarming tasks.

  • Builder: A named configuration (or grouping) of builds in Buildbucket. All builds of a builder share the same config. For the most part, this means they run the same recipe and have largely the same set of steps. A builder may also be referred to as a bot, but that term is ambiguous and should be avoided since it can be confused with a Swarming bot. (See the LUCI section below.)

    • Builder/Tester Split: At the end of their builds, some builders may trigger builds on other builders. When the parent build only compiles and the child build only runs tests, we call this model a “builder/tester split”. The child is referred to as the tester, and the parent (confusingly) referred to as the builder.
    • CI Builder or Post-submit Builder: A builder that compiles/tests a branch of Chromium. Often triggered when changes to the branch are submitted, these post-submit builders run on a continuous basis.
    • FYI Builder: A CI builder with reduced priority and impact. Ideally used only for experiments or for temporary build/test configs. May also be referred to as an “informational” builder.
    • Trybot or Trybuilder or Pre-submit Builder: A builder that compiles/tests a pending CL before submission.
    • Tryjob: A single build of a trybot.

  • Chromium's CQ: The set of trybots required for any Chromium CL to pass before submission. These are mandatory for nearly every CL.

    • CQ Builder: One of the mandatory trybots. See here for the full list.
    • Compilator: A type of builder that handles only the “compiling” and “isolating” phases of a CQ build. (“Isolating” referring to the process of uploading test binaries to the CAS server. See CAS in the misc section below.) The name is a portmanteau of the words “compiler” and “isolator”.
    • Orchestrator: A type of CQ builder that delegates all “compiling” and “isolating” phases of a build to a triggered child builder called a compilator (see above). For example, linux-rel is an orchestrator on the CQ and linux-rel-compilator is its compilator. This partitioning confines the busy-waiting phases of a build (ie: waiting for Swarming tests to finish) to the orchestrator, allowing the compilator to quickly move on and pick up new requests.
    • Optional Trybot: A trybot that's not a default CQ builder. These can be triggered manually by a developer. Or they can be required by the CQ if the CL includes changes to a specific file path. See here for a list of the optional trybots and the filepaths that require them. Trybots that fall into that latter category can also be referred to as path-based trybots.
    • Mega CQ: An alternative mode of Chromium‘s CQ that greatly increases the amount of trybots triggered. This increases the confidence that a CL won’t be reverted after landing, but at the cost of much longer CQ cycle times. Triggered via the Mega CQ buttons in Gerrit. See CQ docs for more info.

  • Builderless: A Swarming dimension (see below for definition of a dimension) that simply indicates the Swarming bot doesn‘t exclusively run builds for a dedicated set of builders. Instead, it belongs to a generic pool of bots (colloquially known as the “builderless pool”) that’s shared across a large group of builders. Any builder that runs builds in said pool is also referred to as being “builderless.”

  • Builder Group: A logical grouping of builders. For example, the “chromium.linux” builder group is a set of builders that test basic functionality of Chromium on Linux.

  • Waterfall: A largely historical term that often refers to a particular grouping of Builders or Builder Groups. Examples include:

    • The Perf Waterfall: Builders in the chrome.perf builder group.
    • The Main Waterfall: Another historical term. Often refers to the set of builders whose failures close the Chromium tree. Spans multiple builder groups.

LUCI

LUCI is a collection of continuous integration services running on Google Cloud. These services largely make-up the backbone of Chromium's CI.

  • Buildbucket: A LUCI service that tracks builds, and queues them into Builders.

  • Change Verifier or CV: A LUCI service that triggers and manages the builds a CL must pass before the CL is submitted into the repository‘s trunk. These builds are known as “pre-submit”, and the full set of required builds that CV enforces for a repo are that repo’s “CQ”. (See above for a description of Chromium's particular CQ.)

  • CIPD: A LUCI service for hosting and distributing packages. Packages stored in CIPD are arbitrary sets of files. Practically, these are often SDKs, toolchains, and other various binaries not suitable for being checked-into a Git repo directly.

  • Milo: A LUCI service that renders Builds in a web-browser UI. Hosted on https://ci.chromium.org. Alliases also include https://build.chromium.org and https://luci-milo.appspot.com. Named after the Pokemon Milotic.

  • Recipe: A LUCI technology that defines what steps a build runs. Written in a domain-specific language embedded in Python. Nearly all builds run a recipe. (The alternative to recipes being a binary that implements the luciexe protocol. As of Q3 2022, non-recipe luciexe binaries have limited use in Chromium's infra.)

  • Swarming: A LUCI service that runs arbitrary tasks across a fleet of workers knows as Swarming bots.

    • Swarming bot: A single worker that communicates with the Swarming server and executes Swarming tasks. The worker often, but not necessarily, runs on a Linux, Mac, or Win VM. A bot belongs to one or more Swarming pools.
    • Swarming dimension: A key:value pair that a Swarming bot tags to itself to describe its hardware or software attributes. (e.g. A machine running macOS Ventura would tag itself with os:Mac-13.) A task can then include certain dimensions in its request, and only bots that match all requested dimensions will execute the task.
    • Swarming pool: A collection of Swarming bots. A pool acts as a security boundary, enforcing who can view and trigger tasks on its bots.
    • Swarming task: A single workload request. A task defines a command to run, and is associated to a single Swarming pool.

Misc

  • CAS: Content Addresses Storage, a service for storing binary blobs. Used on Chromium‘s infra to store and transfer test inputs from the builder that compiles the tests to the Swarming bots that run them. May also be referred to by its predecessor’s name: “isolate”.
  • Gerrit: The code-review tool for changes to Google-hosted Git repositoris. See chromium/src.git's Gerrit instance here.
  • Gitiles: The web-browser UI for Google-hosted Git repositories. See chromium/src.git on gitiles here.