# 2013-11-02
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
#
# This file implements tests for foreign keys on WITHOUT ROWID
# tables.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

ifcapable {!foreignkey||!trigger} {
  finish_test
  return
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test structure:
#
# without_rowid3-1.*: Simple tests to check that immediate and deferred foreign key
#            constraints work when not inside a transaction.
#
# without_rowid3-2.*: Tests to verify that deferred foreign keys work inside
#            explicit transactions (i.e that processing really is deferred).
#
# without_rowid3-3.*: Tests that a statement transaction is rolled back if an
#            immediate foreign key constraint is violated.
#
# without_rowid3-4.*: Test that FK actions may recurse even when recursive triggers
#            are disabled.
#
# without_rowid3-5.*: Check that if foreign-keys are enabled, it is not possible
#            to write to an FK column using the incremental blob API.
#
# without_rowid3-6.*: Test that FK processing is automatically disabled when
#            running VACUUM.
#
# without_rowid3-7.*: Test using an IPK as the key in the child (referencing) table.
#
# without_rowid3-8.*: Test that enabling/disabling foreign key support while a
#            transaction is active is not possible.
#
# without_rowid3-9.*: Test SET DEFAULT actions.
#
# without_rowid3-10.*: Test errors.
#
# without_rowid3-11.*: Test CASCADE actions.
#
# without_rowid3-12.*: Test RESTRICT actions.
#
# without_rowid3-13.*: Test that FK processing is performed when a row is REPLACED by
#             an UPDATE or INSERT statement.
#
# without_rowid3-14.*: Test the ALTER TABLE and DROP TABLE commands.
#
# without_rowid3-15.*: Test that if there are no (known) outstanding foreign key
#             constraint violations in the database, inserting into a parent
#             table or deleting from a child table does not cause SQLite
#             to check if this has repaired an outstanding violation.
#
# without_rowid3-16.*: Test that rows that refer to themselves may be inserted,
#             updated and deleted.
#
# without_rowid3-17.*: Test that the "count_changes" pragma does not interfere with
#             FK constraint processing.
#
# without_rowid3-18.*: Test that the authorization callback is invoked when processing
#             FK constraints.
#
# without_rowid3-20.*: Test that ON CONFLICT clauses specified as part of statements
#             do not affect the operation of FK constraints.
#
# without_rowid3-genfkey.*: Tests that were used with the shell tool .genfkey
#            command. Recycled to test the built-in implementation.
#
# without_rowid3-dd08e5.*:  Tests to verify that ticket dd08e5a988d00decc4a543daa8d
#                  has been fixed.
#


execsql { PRAGMA foreign_keys = on }

set FkeySimpleSchema {
  PRAGMA foreign_keys = on;
  CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE t2(c REFERENCES t1(a) /D/ , d);

  CREATE TABLE t3(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE t4(c REFERENCES t3 /D/, d);

  CREATE TABLE t7(a, b INT PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE t8(c REFERENCES t7 /D/, d);

  CREATE TABLE t9(a REFERENCES nosuchtable, b);
  CREATE TABLE t10(a REFERENCES t9(c) /D/, b);
}


set FkeySimpleTests {
  1.1  "INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 3)"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  1.2  "INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2)"      {0 {}}
  1.3  "INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 3)"      {0 {}}
  1.4  "INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 4)"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  1.5  "INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(NULL, 4)"   {0 {}}
  1.6  "UPDATE t2 SET c=2 WHERE d=4"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  1.7  "UPDATE t2 SET c=1 WHERE d=4"      {0 {}}
  1.9  "UPDATE t2 SET c=1 WHERE d=4"      {0 {}}
  1.10 "UPDATE t2 SET c=NULL WHERE d=4"   {0 {}}
  1.11 "DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=1"         {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  1.12 "UPDATE t1 SET a = 2"              {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  1.13 "UPDATE t1 SET a = 1"              {0 {}}

  2.1  "INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1, 3)"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  2.2  "INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2)"      {0 {}}
  2.3  "INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1, 3)"      {0 {}}

  4.1  "INSERT INTO t8 VALUES(1, 3)"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.2  "INSERT INTO t7 VALUES(2, 1)"      {0 {}}
  4.3  "INSERT INTO t8 VALUES(1, 3)"      {0 {}}
  4.4  "INSERT INTO t8 VALUES(2, 4)"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.5  "INSERT INTO t8 VALUES(NULL, 4)"   {0 {}}
  4.6  "UPDATE t8 SET c=2 WHERE d=4"      {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.7  "UPDATE t8 SET c=1 WHERE d=4"      {0 {}}
  4.9  "UPDATE t8 SET c=1 WHERE d=4"      {0 {}}
  4.10 "UPDATE t8 SET c=NULL WHERE d=4"   {0 {}}
  4.11 "DELETE FROM t7 WHERE b=1"         {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.12 "UPDATE t7 SET b = 2"              {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.13 "UPDATE t7 SET b = 1"              {0 {}}
  4.14 "INSERT INTO t8 VALUES('a', 'b')"  {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.15 "UPDATE t7 SET b = 5"              {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  4.17 "UPDATE t7 SET a = 10"             {0 {}}

  5.1  "INSERT INTO t9 VALUES(1, 3)"      {1 {no such table: main.nosuchtable}}
  5.2  "INSERT INTO t10 VALUES(1, 3)"
                            {1 {foreign key mismatch - "t10" referencing "t9"}}
}

do_test without_rowid3-1.1.0 {
  execsql [string map {/D/ {}} $FkeySimpleSchema]
} {}
foreach {tn zSql res} $FkeySimpleTests {
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.1 { catchsql $zSql } $res
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.2 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t1)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.3 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t2)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.4 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t3)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.5 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t4)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.6 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t7)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.1.$tn.7 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t8)} } {}
}
drop_all_tables

do_test without_rowid3-1.2.0 {
  execsql [string map {/D/ {DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED}} $FkeySimpleSchema]
} {}
foreach {tn zSql res} $FkeySimpleTests {
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn { catchsql $zSql } $res
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.2 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t1)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.3 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t2)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.4 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t3)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.5 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t4)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.6 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t7)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.2.$tn.7 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t8)} } {}
}
drop_all_tables

do_test without_rowid3-1.3.0 {
  execsql [string map {/D/ {}} $FkeySimpleSchema]
  execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 1 }
} {}
foreach {tn zSql res} $FkeySimpleTests {
  if {$res == "0 {}"} { set res {0 1} }
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn { catchsql $zSql } $res
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.2 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t1)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.3 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t2)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.4 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t3)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.5 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t4)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.6 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t7)} } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-1.3.$tn.7 { execsql {PRAGMA foreign_key_check(t8)} } {}
}
execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 0 }
drop_all_tables

do_test without_rowid3-1.4.0 {
  execsql [string map {/D/ {}} $FkeySimpleSchema]
  execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 1 }
} {}
foreach {tn zSql res} $FkeySimpleTests {
  if {$res == "0 {}"} { set res {0 1} }
  execsql BEGIN
  do_test without_rowid3-1.4.$tn { catchsql $zSql } $res
  execsql COMMIT
}
execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 0 }
drop_all_tables

# Special test: When the parent key is an IPK, make sure the affinity of
# the IPK is not applied to the child key value before it is inserted
# into the child table.
do_test without_rowid3-1.5.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE i(i INT PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE j(j REFERENCES i);
    INSERT INTO i VALUES(35);
    INSERT INTO j VALUES('35.0');
    SELECT j, typeof(j) FROM j;
  }
} {35.0 text}
do_test without_rowid3-1.5.2 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM i }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

# Same test using a regular primary key with integer affinity.
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-1.6.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE i(i INT UNIQUE);
    CREATE TABLE j(j REFERENCES i(i));
    INSERT INTO i VALUES('35.0');
    INSERT INTO j VALUES('35.0');
    SELECT j, typeof(j) FROM j;
    SELECT i, typeof(i) FROM i;
  }
} {35.0 text 35 integer}
do_test without_rowid3-1.6.2 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM i }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

# Use a collation sequence on the parent key.
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-1.7.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE i(i TEXT COLLATE nocase PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE j(j TEXT COLLATE binary REFERENCES i(i));
    INSERT INTO i VALUES('SQLite');
    INSERT INTO j VALUES('sqlite');
  }
  catchsql { DELETE FROM i }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

# Use the parent key collation even if it is default and the child key
# has an explicit value.
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-1.7.2 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE i(i TEXT PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;  -- Colseq is "BINARY"
    CREATE TABLE j(j TEXT COLLATE nocase REFERENCES i(i));
    INSERT INTO i VALUES('SQLite');
  }
  catchsql { INSERT INTO j VALUES('sqlite') }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-1.7.3 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO i VALUES('sqlite');
    INSERT INTO j VALUES('sqlite');
    DELETE FROM i WHERE i = 'SQLite';
  }
  catchsql { DELETE FROM i WHERE i = 'sqlite' }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This section (test cases without_rowid3-2.*) contains tests to check that the
# deferred foreign key constraint logic works.
#
proc without_rowid3-2-test {tn nocommit sql {res {}}} {
  if {$res eq "FKV"} {
    set expected {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  } else {
    set expected [list 0 $res]
  }
  do_test without_rowid3-2.$tn [list catchsql $sql] $expected
  if {$nocommit} {
    do_test without_rowid3-2.${tn}c {
      catchsql COMMIT
    } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  }
}

without_rowid3-2-test 1 0 {
  CREATE TABLE node(
    nodeid PRIMARY KEY,
    parent REFERENCES node DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
  ) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE leaf(
    cellid PRIMARY KEY,
    parent REFERENCES node DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
  ) WITHOUT rowid;
}

without_rowid3-2-test 1  0 "INSERT INTO node VALUES(1, 0)"       FKV
without_rowid3-2-test 2  0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 3  1   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(1, 0)"
without_rowid3-2-test 4  0   "UPDATE node SET parent = NULL"
without_rowid3-2-test 5  0 "COMMIT"
without_rowid3-2-test 6  0 "SELECT * FROM node" {1 {}}

without_rowid3-2-test 7  0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 8  1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('a', 2)"
without_rowid3-2-test 9  1   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(2, 0)"
without_rowid3-2-test 10 0   "UPDATE node SET parent = 1 WHERE nodeid = 2"
without_rowid3-2-test 11 0 "COMMIT"
without_rowid3-2-test 12 0 "SELECT * FROM node" {1 {} 2 1}
without_rowid3-2-test 13 0 "SELECT * FROM leaf" {a 2}

without_rowid3-2-test 14 0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 15 1   "DELETE FROM node WHERE nodeid = 2"
without_rowid3-2-test 16 0   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(2, NULL)"
without_rowid3-2-test 17 0 "COMMIT"
without_rowid3-2-test 18 0 "SELECT * FROM node" {1 {} 2 {}}
without_rowid3-2-test 19 0 "SELECT * FROM leaf" {a 2}

without_rowid3-2-test 20 0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 21 0   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('b', 1)"
without_rowid3-2-test 22 0   "SAVEPOINT save"
without_rowid3-2-test 23 0     "DELETE FROM node WHERE nodeid = 1"
without_rowid3-2-test 24 0   "ROLLBACK TO save"
without_rowid3-2-test 25 0 "COMMIT"
without_rowid3-2-test 26 0 "SELECT * FROM node" {1 {} 2 {}}
without_rowid3-2-test 27 0 "SELECT * FROM leaf" {a 2 b 1}

without_rowid3-2-test 28 0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 29 0   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('c', 1)"
without_rowid3-2-test 30 0   "SAVEPOINT save"
without_rowid3-2-test 31 0     "DELETE FROM node WHERE nodeid = 1"
without_rowid3-2-test 32 1   "RELEASE save"
without_rowid3-2-test 33 1   "DELETE FROM leaf WHERE cellid = 'b'"
without_rowid3-2-test 34 0   "DELETE FROM leaf WHERE cellid = 'c'"
without_rowid3-2-test 35 0 "COMMIT"
without_rowid3-2-test 36 0 "SELECT * FROM node" {2 {}}
without_rowid3-2-test 37 0 "SELECT * FROM leaf" {a 2}

without_rowid3-2-test 38 0 "SAVEPOINT outer"
without_rowid3-2-test 39 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('d', 3)"
without_rowid3-2-test 40 1 "RELEASE outer"    FKV
without_rowid3-2-test 41 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('e', 3)"
without_rowid3-2-test 42 0   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(3, 2)"
without_rowid3-2-test 43 0 "RELEASE outer"

without_rowid3-2-test 44 0 "SAVEPOINT outer"
without_rowid3-2-test 45 1   "DELETE FROM node WHERE nodeid=3"
without_rowid3-2-test 47 0   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(3, 2)"
without_rowid3-2-test 48 0 "ROLLBACK TO outer"
without_rowid3-2-test 49 0 "RELEASE outer"

without_rowid3-2-test 50 0 "SAVEPOINT outer"
without_rowid3-2-test 51 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('f', 4)"
without_rowid3-2-test 52 1   "SAVEPOINT inner"
without_rowid3-2-test 53 1     "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('g', 4)"
without_rowid3-2-test 54 1  "RELEASE outer"   FKV
without_rowid3-2-test 55 1   "ROLLBACK TO inner"
without_rowid3-2-test 56 0  "COMMIT"          FKV
without_rowid3-2-test 57 0   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(4, NULL)"
without_rowid3-2-test 58 0 "RELEASE outer"
without_rowid3-2-test 59 0 "SELECT * FROM node" {2 {} 3 2 4 {}}
without_rowid3-2-test 60 0 "SELECT * FROM leaf" {a 2 d 3 e 3 f 4}

# The following set of tests check that if a statement that affects
# multiple rows violates some foreign key constraints, then strikes a
# constraint that causes the statement-transaction to be rolled back,
# the deferred constraint counter is correctly reset to the value it
# had before the statement-transaction was opened.
#
without_rowid3-2-test 61 0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 62 0   "DELETE FROM leaf"
without_rowid3-2-test 63 0   "DELETE FROM node"
without_rowid3-2-test 64 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('a', 1)"
without_rowid3-2-test 65 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('b', 2)"
without_rowid3-2-test 66 1   "INSERT INTO leaf VALUES('c', 1)"
do_test without_rowid3-2-test-67 {
  catchsql          "INSERT INTO node SELECT parent, 3 FROM leaf"
} {1 {UNIQUE constraint failed: node.nodeid}}
without_rowid3-2-test 68 0 "COMMIT"           FKV
without_rowid3-2-test 69 1   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(1, NULL)"
without_rowid3-2-test 70 0   "INSERT INTO node VALUES(2, NULL)"
without_rowid3-2-test 71 0 "COMMIT"

without_rowid3-2-test 72 0 "BEGIN"
without_rowid3-2-test 73 1   "DELETE FROM node"
without_rowid3-2-test 74 0   "INSERT INTO node(nodeid) SELECT DISTINCT parent FROM leaf"
without_rowid3-2-test 75 0 "COMMIT"

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases without_rowid3-3.* test that a program that executes foreign key
# actions (CASCADE, SET DEFAULT, SET NULL etc.) or tests FK constraints
# opens a statement transaction if required.
#
# without_rowid3-3.1.*: Test UPDATE statements.
# without_rowid3-3.2.*: Test DELETE statements.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE ab(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE cd(
      c PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES ab ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE,
      d
    ) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE ef(
      e REFERENCES cd ON UPDATE CASCADE,
      f, CHECK (e!=5)
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO ab VALUES(1, 'b');
    INSERT INTO cd VALUES(1, 'd');
    INSERT INTO ef VALUES(1, 'e');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.3 {
  catchsql { UPDATE ab SET a = 5 }
} {1 {CHECK constraint failed: ef}}
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.4 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM ab }
} {1 b}
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.4 {
  execsql BEGIN;
  catchsql { UPDATE ab SET a = 5 }
} {1 {CHECK constraint failed: ef}}
do_test without_rowid3-3.1.5 {
  execsql COMMIT;
  execsql { SELECT * FROM ab; SELECT * FROM cd; SELECT * FROM ef }
} {1 b 1 d 1 e}

do_test without_rowid3-3.2.1 {
  execsql BEGIN;
  catchsql { DELETE FROM ab }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-3.2.2 {
  execsql COMMIT
  execsql { SELECT * FROM ab; SELECT * FROM cd; SELECT * FROM ef }
} {1 b 1 d 1 e}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases without_rowid3-4.* test that recursive foreign key actions
# (i.e. CASCADE) are allowed even if recursive triggers are disabled.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-4.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(
      node PRIMARY KEY,
      parent REFERENCES t1 ON DELETE CASCADE
    ) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(node PRIMARY KEY, parent) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TRIGGER t2t AFTER DELETE ON t2 BEGIN
      DELETE FROM t2 WHERE parent = old.node;
    END;
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, NULL);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 1);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 1);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 2);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 2);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(6, 3);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 3);
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-4.2 {
  execsql { PRAGMA recursive_triggers = off }
  execsql {
    BEGIN;
      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE node = 1;
      SELECT node FROM t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-4.3 {
  execsql {
      DELETE FROM t2 WHERE node = 1;
      SELECT node FROM t2;
    ROLLBACK;
  }
} {4 5 6 7}
do_test without_rowid3-4.4 {
  execsql { PRAGMA recursive_triggers = on }
  execsql {
    BEGIN;
      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE node = 1;
      SELECT node FROM t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-4.3 {
  execsql {
      DELETE FROM t2 WHERE node = 1;
      SELECT node FROM t2;
    ROLLBACK;
  }
} {}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test cases without_rowid3-5.* verify that the incremental blob API may not
# write to a foreign key column while foreign-keys are enabled.
#
drop_all_tables
ifcapable incrblob {
  do_test without_rowid3-5.1 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1(a)) WITHOUT rowid;
      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('hello', 'world');
      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('key', 'hello');
    }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-5.2 {
    set rc [catch { set fd [db incrblob t2 b 1] } msg]
    list $rc $msg
  } {1 {cannot open table without rowid: t2}}
  do_test without_rowid3-5.5 {
    execsql { PRAGMA foreign_keys = on }
  } {}
}

drop_all_tables
ifcapable vacuum {
  do_test without_rowid3-6.1 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2(c), b);
      CREATE TABLE t2(c UNIQUE, b);
      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 2);
      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
      VACUUM;
    }
  } {}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test that it is possible to use an INT PRIMARY KEY as the child key
# of a foreign constraint.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-7.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(c INT PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES t1, b) WITHOUT rowid;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-7.2 {
  catchsql { INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'A'); }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-7.3 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 3);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'A');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-7.4 {
  execsql { UPDATE t2 SET c = 2 }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-7.5 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t2 SET c = 3 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-7.6 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 2 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-7.7 {
  execsql { DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 1 }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-7.8 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t1 SET a = 3 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test that it is not possible to enable/disable FK support while a
# transaction is open.
#
drop_all_tables
proc without_rowid3-8-test {tn zSql value} {
  do_test without_rowid3-2.8.$tn.1 [list execsql $zSql] {}
  do_test without_rowid3-2.8.$tn.2 { execsql "PRAGMA foreign_keys" } $value
}
without_rowid3-8-test  1 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 0     } 0
without_rowid3-8-test  2 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1     } 1
without_rowid3-8-test  3 { BEGIN                       } 1
without_rowid3-8-test  4 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 0     } 1
without_rowid3-8-test  5 { COMMIT                      } 1
without_rowid3-8-test  6 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 0     } 0
without_rowid3-8-test  7 { BEGIN                       } 0
without_rowid3-8-test  8 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1     } 0
without_rowid3-8-test  9 { COMMIT                      } 0
without_rowid3-8-test 10 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1     } 1
without_rowid3-8-test 11 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = off   } 0
without_rowid3-8-test 12 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = on    } 1
without_rowid3-8-test 13 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = no    } 0
without_rowid3-8-test 14 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = yes   } 1
without_rowid3-8-test 15 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = false } 0
without_rowid3-8-test 16 { PRAGMA foreign_keys = true  } 1

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-9.*, test SET DEFAULT actions.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-9.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(
      c INT PRIMARY KEY,
      d INTEGER DEFAULT 1 REFERENCES t1 ON DELETE SET DEFAULT
    ) WITHOUT rowid;
    DELETE FROM t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-9.1.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 2);
    SELECT * FROM t2;
    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 2;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {1 2 1 1}
do_test without_rowid3-9.1.3 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
    UPDATE t2 SET d = 2;
    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {1 2}
do_test without_rowid3-9.1.4 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
} {2 two}
do_test without_rowid3-9.1.5 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

do_test without_rowid3-9.2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE pp(a, b, c, PRIMARY KEY(b, c)) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE cc(d DEFAULT 3, e DEFAULT 1, f DEFAULT 2,
        FOREIGN KEY(f, d) REFERENCES pp
        ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT
        ON DELETE SET NULL
    );
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(4, 5, 6);
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(7, 8, 9);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-9.2.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(6, 'A', 5);
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(6, 'B', 5);
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(9, 'A', 8);
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(9, 'B', 8);
    UPDATE pp SET b = 1 WHERE a = 7;
    SELECT * FROM cc;
  }
} {6 A 5 6 B 5 3 A 2 3 B 2}
do_test without_rowid3-9.2.3 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM pp WHERE a = 4;
    SELECT * FROM cc;
  }
} {{} A {} {} B {} 3 A 2 3 B 2}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-10.*, test "foreign key mismatch" and
# other errors.
#
set tn 0
foreach zSql [list {
  CREATE TABLE p(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE c(x REFERENCES p(c));
} {
  CREATE TABLE c(x REFERENCES v(y));
  CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT x AS y FROM c;
} {
  CREATE TABLE p(a, b, PRIMARY KEY(a, b)) WITHOUT rowid;
  CREATE TABLE c(x REFERENCES p);
} {
  CREATE TABLE p(a COLLATE binary, b);
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX i ON p(a COLLATE nocase);
  CREATE TABLE c(x REFERENCES p(a));
}] {
  drop_all_tables
  do_test without_rowid3-10.1.[incr tn] {
    execsql $zSql
    catchsql { INSERT INTO c DEFAULT VALUES }
  } {/1 {foreign key mismatch - "c" referencing "."}/}
}

# "rowid" cannot be used as part of a child or parent key definition
# unless it happens to be the name of an explicitly declared column.
#
do_test without_rowid3-10.2.1 {
  drop_all_tables
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(c, d, FOREIGN KEY(rowid) REFERENCES t1(a));
  }
} {1 {unknown column "rowid" in foreign key definition}}
do_test without_rowid3-10.2.2 {
  drop_all_tables
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(rowid, d, FOREIGN KEY(rowid) REFERENCES t1(a));
  }
} {0 {}}
do_test without_rowid3-10.2.1 {
  drop_all_tables
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
    CREATE TABLE t2(c, d, FOREIGN KEY(c) REFERENCES t1(rowid));
    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, a, b) VALUES(1, 1, 1);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 1);
  }
} {1 {foreign key mismatch - "t2" referencing "t1"}}
do_test without_rowid3-10.2.2 {
  drop_all_tables
  catchsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(rowid PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(c, d, FOREIGN KEY(c) REFERENCES t1(rowid));
    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, b) VALUES(1, 1);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 1);
  }
} {0 {}}


#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-11.*, test CASCADE actions.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-11.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(c, d, FOREIGN KEY(c) REFERENCES t1(a) ON UPDATE CASCADE);

    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(10, 100);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(10, 100);
    UPDATE t1 SET a = 15;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {15 100}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-12.*, test RESTRICT actions.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(
      x REFERENCES t1 ON UPDATE RESTRICT DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
    );
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 'three');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.2 {
  execsql "BEGIN"
  execsql "INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('two')"
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.3 {
  execsql "UPDATE t1 SET b = 'four' WHERE b = 'one'"
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.4 {
  catchsql "UPDATE t1 SET b = 'five' WHERE b = 'two'"
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.5 {
  execsql "DELETE FROM t1 WHERE b = 'two'"
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.6 {
  catchsql "COMMIT"
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-12.1.7 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
    COMMIT;
  }
} {}

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-12.2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(x COLLATE NOCASE PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TRIGGER tt1 AFTER DELETE ON t1
      WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE old.x = y )
    BEGIN
      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(old.x);
    END;
    CREATE TABLE t2(y REFERENCES t1);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('A');
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('B');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('a');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('b');

    SELECT * FROM t1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {A B a b}
do_test without_rowid3-12.2.2 {
  execsql { DELETE FROM t1 }
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM t1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {A B a b}
do_test without_rowid3-12.2.3 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE t2;
    CREATE TABLE t2(y REFERENCES t1 ON DELETE RESTRICT);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('a');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('b');
  }
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-12.2.4 {
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM t1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {A B a b}

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-12.3.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE up(
      c00, c01, c02, c03, c04, c05, c06, c07, c08, c09,
      c10, c11, c12, c13, c14, c15, c16, c17, c18, c19,
      c20, c21, c22, c23, c24, c25, c26, c27, c28, c29,
      c30, c31, c32, c33, c34, c35, c36, c37, c38, c39,
      PRIMARY KEY(c34, c35)
    ) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE down(
      c00, c01, c02, c03, c04, c05, c06, c07, c08, c09,
      c10, c11, c12, c13, c14, c15, c16, c17, c18, c19,
      c20, c21, c22, c23, c24, c25, c26, c27, c28, c29,
      c30, c31, c32, c33, c34, c35, c36, c37, c38, c39,
      FOREIGN KEY(c39, c38) REFERENCES up ON UPDATE CASCADE
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-12.3.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO up(c34, c35) VALUES('yes', 'no');
    INSERT INTO down(c39, c38) VALUES('yes', 'no');
    UPDATE up SET c34 = 'possibly';
    SELECT c38, c39 FROM down;
    DELETE FROM down;
  }
} {no possibly}
do_test without_rowid3-12.3.3 {
  catchsql { INSERT INTO down(c39, c38) VALUES('yes', 'no') }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-12.3.4 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO up(c34, c35) VALUES('yes', 'no');
    INSERT INTO down(c39, c38) VALUES('yes', 'no');
  }
  catchsql { DELETE FROM up WHERE c34 = 'yes' }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-12.3.5 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM up WHERE c34 = 'possibly';
    SELECT c34, c35 FROM up;
    SELECT c39, c38 FROM down;
  }
} {yes no yes no}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-13.*, test that FK processing is performed
# when rows are REPLACEd.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-13.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE pp(a UNIQUE, b, c, PRIMARY KEY(b, c)) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE cc(d, e, f UNIQUE, FOREIGN KEY(d, e) REFERENCES pp);
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(2, 3, 1);
  }
} {}
foreach {tn stmt} {
  1   "REPLACE INTO pp VALUES(1, 4, 5)"
} {
  do_test without_rowid3-13.1.$tn.1 {
    catchsql $stmt
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-13.1.$tn.2 {
    execsql {
      SELECT * FROM pp;
      SELECT * FROM cc;
    }
  } {1 2 3 2 3 1}
  do_test without_rowid3-13.1.$tn.3 {
    execsql BEGIN;
    catchsql $stmt
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-13.1.$tn.4 {
    execsql {
      COMMIT;
      SELECT * FROM pp;
      SELECT * FROM cc;
    }
  } {1 2 3 2 3 1}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-14.*, test that the "DROP TABLE" and "ALTER
# TABLE" commands work as expected wrt foreign key constraints.
#
# without_rowid3-14.1*: ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN
# without_rowid3-14.2*: ALTER TABLE RENAME TABLE
# without_rowid3-14.3*: DROP TABLE
#
drop_all_tables
ifcapable altertable {
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.1 {
    # Adding a column with a REFERENCES clause is not supported.
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE t2(a, b);
    }
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN c REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.2 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.3 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL}
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.4 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN f REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT 'text'}
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.5 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN g DEFAULT CURRENT_TIME REFERENCES t1 }
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1.6 {
    execsql {
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = off;
      ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1;
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = on;
      SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE name='t2';
    }
  } {{CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, c REFERENCES t1, d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1, e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL, h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1)}}


  # Test the sqlite_rename_parent() function directly.
  #
  proc test_rename_parent {zCreate zOld zNew} {
    db eval {SELECT sqlite_rename_table(
        'main', 'table', 't1', $zCreate, $zOld, $zNew, 0
    )}
  }
  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 1
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.1.1 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.1.2 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t4 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.1.3 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t2")} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 0

  # Test ALTER TABLE RENAME TABLE a bit.
  #
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.1 {
    drop_all_tables
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1);
    }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid}       \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}    \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1)}  \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.2 {
    execsql { ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t4 }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE "t4"(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4") WITHOUT rowid}      \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4", c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}     \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES "t4", b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES "t4")} \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.3 {
    catchsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2, 3) }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.4 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1, NULL) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.5 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 5 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.6 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2.2.7 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, NULL, 1) }
  } {}

  # Repeat for TEMP tables
  #
  drop_all_tables
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.1 {
    # Adding a column with a REFERENCES clause is not supported.
    execsql {
      CREATE TEMP TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TEMP TABLE t2(a, b);
    }
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN c REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.2 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.3 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL}
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.4 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN f REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT 'text'}
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.5 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN g DEFAULT CURRENT_TIME REFERENCES t1 }
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1tmp.6 {
    execsql {
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = off;
      ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1;
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = on;
      SELECT sql FROM temp.sqlite_master WHERE name='t2';
    }
  } {{CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, c REFERENCES t1, d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1, e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL, h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1)}}

  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 1
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.1.1 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.1.2 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t4 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.1.3 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t2")} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 0

  # Test ALTER TABLE RENAME TABLE a bit.
  #
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.1 {
    drop_all_tables
    execsql {
      CREATE TEMP TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TEMP TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TEMP TABLE t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1);
    }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM sqlite_temp_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid}       \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}    \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1)}  \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.2 {
    execsql { ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t4 }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM temp.sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE "t4"(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4") WITHOUT rowid}      \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4", c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}     \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES "t4", b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES "t4")} \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.3 {
    catchsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2, 3) }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.4 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1, NULL) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.5 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 5 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.6 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2tmp.2.7 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, NULL, 1) }
  } {}

  # Repeat for ATTACH-ed tables
  #
  drop_all_tables
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.1 {
    # Adding a column with a REFERENCES clause is not supported.
    execsql {
      ATTACH ':memory:' AS aux;
      CREATE TABLE aux.t1(a PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE aux.t2(a, b);
    }
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN c REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.2 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.3 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL}
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.4 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN f REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT 'text'}
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.5 {
    catchsql { ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN g DEFAULT CURRENT_TIME REFERENCES t1 }
  } {1 {Cannot add a REFERENCES column with non-NULL default value}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.1aux.6 {
    execsql {
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = off;
      ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1;
      PRAGMA foreign_keys = on;
      SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master WHERE name='t2';
    }
  } {{CREATE TABLE t2(a, b, c REFERENCES t1, d DEFAULT NULL REFERENCES t1, e REFERENCES t1 DEFAULT NULL, h DEFAULT 'text' REFERENCES t1)}}

  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 1
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.1.1 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.1.2 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)} t4 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES t2)}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.1.3 {
    test_rename_parent {CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t2")} t2 t3
  } {{CREATE TABLE t1(a REFERENCES "t3")}}
  sqlite3_test_control SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 0

  # Test ALTER TABLE RENAME TABLE a bit.
  #
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.1 {
    drop_all_tables
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE aux.t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE aux.t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE aux.t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1);
    }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1) WITHOUT rowid}       \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES t1, c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}    \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES t1, b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES t1)}  \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.2 {
    execsql { ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t4 }
    execsql { SELECT sql FROM aux.sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
  } [list \
    {CREATE TABLE "t4"(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4") WITHOUT rowid}      \
    {CREATE TABLE t2(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES "t4", c REFERENCES t2)
            WITHOUT rowid}     \
    {CREATE TABLE t3(a REFERENCES "t4", b REFERENCES t2, c REFERENCES "t4")} \
  ]
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.3 {
    catchsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2, 3) }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.4 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1, NULL) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.5 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 5 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.6 {
    catchsql { UPDATE t4 SET b = 1 }
  } {0 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-14.2aux.2.7 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, NULL, 1) }
  } {}
}

do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.1 {
  drop_all_tables
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a, b REFERENCES nosuchtable);
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.2 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('a', 1);
    CREATE TABLE t2(x REFERENCES t1);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('a');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.3 {
  catchsql { DROP TABLE t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.4 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM t2;
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.4 {
  catchsql { INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('x') }
} {1 {no such table: main.t1}}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.5 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(x PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('x');
  }
  execsql { INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('x') }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.6 {
  catchsql { DROP TABLE t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.7 {
  execsql {
    DROP TABLE t2;
    DROP TABLE t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.8 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE pp(x, y, PRIMARY KEY(x, y)) WITHOUT ROWID;
    CREATE TABLE cc(a, b, FOREIGN KEY(a, b) REFERENCES pp(x, z));
  }
  catchsql { INSERT INTO cc VALUES(1, 2) }
} {1 {foreign key mismatch - "cc" referencing "pp"}}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.9 {
  execsql { DROP TABLE cc }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.10 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE cc(a, b,
      FOREIGN KEY(a, b) REFERENCES pp DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
    );
  }
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES('a', 'b');
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES('a', 'b');
    BEGIN;
      DROP TABLE pp;
      CREATE TABLE pp(a, b, c, PRIMARY KEY(b, c)) WITHOUT rowid;
      INSERT INTO pp VALUES(1, 'a', 'b');
    COMMIT;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.11 {
  execsql {
    BEGIN;
      DROP TABLE cc;
      DROP TABLE pp;
    COMMIT;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.12 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE b1(a, b);
    CREATE TABLE b2(a, b REFERENCES b1);
    DROP TABLE b1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.3.13 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE b3(a, b REFERENCES b2 DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED);
    DROP TABLE b2;
  }
} {}

# Test that nothing goes wrong when dropping a table that refers to a view.
# Or dropping a view that an existing FK (incorrectly) refers to. Or either
# of the above scenarios with a virtual table.
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.4.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(x REFERENCES v);
    CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT * FROM t1;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-2.14.4.2 {
  execsql {
    DROP VIEW v;
  }
} {}
ifcapable vtab {
  register_echo_module db
  do_test without_rowid3-2.14.4.3 {
    execsql { CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE v USING echo(t1) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-2.14.4.2 {
    execsql {
      DROP TABLE v;
    }
  } {}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following tests, without_rowid3-15.*, test that unnecessary FK related scans
# and lookups are avoided when the constraint counters are zero.
#
drop_all_tables
proc execsqlS {zSql} {
  set ::sqlite_search_count 0
  set ::sqlite_found_count 0
  set res [uplevel [list execsql $zSql]]
  concat [expr $::sqlite_found_count + $::sqlite_search_count] $res
}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE pp(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE cc(x, y REFERENCES pp DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED);
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO pp VALUES(2, 'two');
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES('neung', 1);
    INSERT INTO cc VALUES('song', 2);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.2 {
  execsqlS { INSERT INTO pp VALUES(3, 'three') }
} {0}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.3 {
  execsql {
    BEGIN;
      INSERT INTO cc VALUES('see', 4);    -- Violates deferred constraint
  }
  execsqlS { INSERT INTO pp VALUES(5, 'five') }
} {2}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.4 {
  execsql { DELETE FROM cc WHERE x = 'see' }
  execsqlS { INSERT INTO pp VALUES(6, 'six') }
} {0}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.5 {
  execsql COMMIT
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.6 {
  execsql BEGIN
  execsqlS {
    DELETE FROM cc WHERE x = 'neung';
    ROLLBACK;
  }
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-15.1.7 {
  execsql {
    BEGIN;
    DELETE FROM pp WHERE a = 2;
  }
  execsqlS {
    DELETE FROM cc WHERE x = 'neung';
    ROLLBACK;
  }
} {2}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This next block of tests, without_rowid3-16.*, test that rows that refer to
# themselves may be inserted and deleted.
#
foreach {tn zSchema} {
  1 { CREATE TABLE self(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES self(a))
             WITHOUT rowid }
  2 { CREATE TABLE self(a PRIMARY KEY, b REFERENCES self(a)) WITHOUT rowid }
  3 { CREATE TABLE self(a UNIQUE, b INT PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES self(a))
             WITHOUT rowid }
} {
  drop_all_tables
  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.1 {
    execsql $zSchema
    execsql { INSERT INTO self VALUES(13, 13) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.2 {
    execsql { UPDATE self SET a = 14, b = 14 }
  } {}

  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.3 {
    catchsql { UPDATE self SET b = 15 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.4 {
    catchsql { UPDATE self SET a = 15 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.5 {
    catchsql { UPDATE self SET a = 15, b = 16 }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.6 {
    catchsql { UPDATE self SET a = 17, b = 17 }
  } {0 {}}

  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.7 {
    execsql { DELETE FROM self }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-16.1.$tn.8 {
    catchsql { INSERT INTO self VALUES(20, 21) }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
}

# Additional tests cases using multi-column self-referential
# FOREIGN KEY constraints.
#
drop_all_tables
do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.1 {
  PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;
  CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c,d,e,f,
     UNIQUE (a,b),
     PRIMARY KEY (e,c),
     FOREIGN KEY (d,f) REFERENCES t1(e,c)
  ) WITHOUT rowid;
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3,5,5,3);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,3,4,6,6,4);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('x','y',1.5,'fizzle','fizzle',1.5);
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 3 5 5 3 | 2 3 4 6 6 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.2 {
  UPDATE t1 SET c=99, f=99 WHERE a=1;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 99 5 5 99 | 2 3 4 6 6 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.3 {
  UPDATE t1 SET e=876, d=876 WHERE a=2;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 99 5 5 99 | 2 3 4 876 876 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.4 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET c=11, e=22 WHERE a=1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

do_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.5 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET d=11, f=22 WHERE a=1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.1.6 {
  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {2 3 4 876 876 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.1 {
  DROP TABLE t1;
  CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c,d,e,f,
     PRIMARY KEY (a,b),
     UNIQUE (e,c),
     FOREIGN KEY (d,f) REFERENCES t1(e,c)
  ) WITHOUT rowid;
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3,5,5,3);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,3,4,6,6,4);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('x','y',1.5,'fizzle','fizzle',1.5);
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 3 5 5 3 | 2 3 4 6 6 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.2 {
  UPDATE t1 SET c=99, f=99 WHERE a=1;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 99 5 5 99 | 2 3 4 6 6 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.3 {
  UPDATE t1 SET e=876, d=876 WHERE a=2;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {1 2 99 5 5 99 | 2 3 4 876 876 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}

do_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.4 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET c=11, e=22 WHERE a=1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

do_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.5 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET d=11, f=22 WHERE a=1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

do_execsql_test without_rowid3-16.4.2.6 {
  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
  SELECT *, '|' FROM t1 ORDER BY a, b;
} {2 3 4 876 876 4 | x y 1.5 fizzle fizzle 1.5 |}


#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This next block of tests, without_rowid3-17.*, tests that if "PRAGMA count_changes"
# is turned on statements that violate immediate FK constraints return
# SQLITE_CONSTRAINT immediately, not after returning a number of rows.
# Whereas statements that violate deferred FK constraints return the number
# of rows before failing.
#
# Also test that rows modified by FK actions are not counted in either the
# returned row count or the values returned by sqlite3_changes(). Like
# trigger related changes, they are included in sqlite3_total_changes() though.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.1 {
  execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 1 }
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE one(a, b, c, UNIQUE(b, c));
    CREATE TABLE two(d, e, f, FOREIGN KEY(e, f) REFERENCES one(b, c));
    INSERT INTO one VALUES(1, 2, 3);
  }
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.2 {
  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare_v2 db "INSERT INTO two VALUES(4, 5, 6)" -1 dummy]
  sqlite3_step $STMT
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-17.1.2b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
ifcapable autoreset {
  do_test without_rowid3-17.1.3 {
    sqlite3_step $STMT
  } {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
  verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-17.1.3b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
} else {
  do_test without_rowid3-17.1.3 {
    sqlite3_step $STMT
  } {SQLITE_MISUSE}
}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.4 {
  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-17.1.4b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.5 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO one VALUES(2, 3, 4);
    INSERT INTO one VALUES(3, 4, 5);
    INSERT INTO two VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO two VALUES(2, 3, 4);
    INSERT INTO two VALUES(3, 4, 5);
  }
} {1 1 1 1 1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.6 {
  catchsql {
    BEGIN;
      INSERT INTO one VALUES(0, 0, 0);
      UPDATE two SET e=e+1, f=f+1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.7 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM one }
} {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 0 0 0}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.8 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM two }
} {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.9 {
  execsql COMMIT
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.10 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE three(
      g, h, i,
      FOREIGN KEY(h, i) REFERENCES one(b, c) DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.11 {
  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare_v2 db "INSERT INTO three VALUES(7, 8, 9)" -1 dummy]
  sqlite3_step $STMT
} {SQLITE_ROW}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.12 {
  sqlite3_column_text $STMT 0
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.13 {
  sqlite3_step $STMT
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-17.1.13b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
do_test without_rowid3-17.1.14 {
  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-17.1.14b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE high("a'b!" PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE low(
      c,
      "d&6" REFERENCES high ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO high VALUES('a', 'b');
    INSERT INTO low VALUES('b', 'a');
  }
  db changes
} {1}
set nTotal [db total_changes]
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.3 {
  execsql { UPDATE high SET "a'b!" = 'c' }
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.4 {
  db changes
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.5 {
  expr [db total_changes] - $nTotal
} {2}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.6 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM high ; SELECT * FROM low }
} {c b b c}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.7 {
  execsql { DELETE FROM high }
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.8 {
  db changes
} {1}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.9 {
  expr [db total_changes] - $nTotal
} {4}
do_test without_rowid3-17.2.10 {
  execsql { SELECT * FROM high ; SELECT * FROM low }
} {}
execsql { PRAGMA count_changes = 0 }

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test that the authorization callback works.
#

ifcapable auth {
  do_test without_rowid3-18.1 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE long(a, b PRIMARY KEY, c) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE short(d, e, f REFERENCES long);
      CREATE TABLE mid(g, h, i REFERENCES long DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED);
    }
  } {}

  proc auth {args} {eval lappend ::authargs [lrange $args 0 4]; return SQLITE_OK}
  db auth auth

  # An insert on the parent table must read the child key of any deferred
  # foreign key constraints. But not the child key of immediate constraints.
  set authargs {}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.2 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO long VALUES(1, 2, 3) }
    set authargs
  } {SQLITE_INSERT long {} main {} SQLITE_READ mid i main {}}

  # An insert on the child table of an immediate constraint must read the
  # parent key columns (to see if it is a violation or not).
  set authargs {}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.3 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO short VALUES(1, 3, 2) }
    set authargs
  } {SQLITE_INSERT short {} main {} SQLITE_READ long b main {}}

  # As must an insert on the child table of a deferred constraint.
  set authargs {}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.4 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO mid VALUES(1, 3, 2) }
    set authargs
  } {SQLITE_INSERT mid {} main {} SQLITE_READ long b main {}}

  do_test without_rowid3-18.5 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE nought(a, b PRIMARY KEY, c) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE cross(d, e, f,
        FOREIGN KEY(e) REFERENCES nought(b) ON UPDATE CASCADE
      );
    }
    execsql { INSERT INTO nought VALUES(2, 1, 2) }
    execsql { INSERT INTO cross VALUES(0, 1, 0) }
    set authargs [list]
    execsql { UPDATE nought SET b = 5 }
    set authargs
  } {SQLITE_UPDATE nought b main {} SQLITE_READ cross e main {} SQLITE_READ cross e main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {} SQLITE_UPDATE cross e main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {} SQLITE_READ cross e main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {} SQLITE_READ nought b main {}}

  do_test without_rowid3-18.6 {
    execsql {SELECT * FROM cross}
  } {0 5 0}

  do_test without_rowid3-18.7 {
    execsql {
      CREATE TABLE one(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
      CREATE TABLE two(b, c REFERENCES one);
      INSERT INTO one VALUES(101, 102);
    }
    set authargs [list]
    execsql { INSERT INTO two VALUES(100, 101); }
    set authargs
  } {SQLITE_INSERT two {} main {} SQLITE_READ one a main {}}

  # Return SQLITE_IGNORE to requests to read from the parent table. This
  # causes inserts of non-NULL keys into the child table to fail.
  #
  rename auth {}
  proc auth {args} {
    if {[lindex $args 1] == "long"} {return SQLITE_IGNORE}
    return SQLITE_OK
  }
  do_test without_rowid3-18.8 {
    catchsql { INSERT INTO short VALUES(1, 3, 2) }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.9 {
    execsql { INSERT INTO short VALUES(1, 3, NULL) }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.10 {
    execsql { SELECT * FROM short }
  } {1 3 2 1 3 {}}
  do_test without_rowid3-18.11 {
    catchsql { UPDATE short SET f = 2 WHERE f IS NULL }
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

  db auth {}
  unset authargs
}


do_test without_rowid3-19.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE main(id INT PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE sub(id INT REFERENCES main(id));
    INSERT INTO main VALUES(1);
    INSERT INTO main VALUES(2);
    INSERT INTO sub VALUES(2);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-19.2 {
  set S [sqlite3_prepare_v2 db "DELETE FROM main WHERE id = ?" -1 dummy]
  sqlite3_bind_int $S 1 2
  sqlite3_step $S
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-19.2b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
do_test without_rowid3-19.3 {
  sqlite3_reset $S
} {SQLITE_CONSTRAINT}
verify_ex_errcode without_rowid3-19.3b SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
do_test without_rowid3-19.4 {
  sqlite3_bind_int $S 1 1
  sqlite3_step $S
} {SQLITE_DONE}
do_test without_rowid3-19.4 {
  sqlite3_finalize $S
} {SQLITE_OK}

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-20.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE pp(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE cc(c PRIMARY KEY, d REFERENCES pp) WITHOUT rowid;
  }
} {}

foreach {tn insert} {
  1 "INSERT"
  2 "INSERT OR IGNORE"
  3 "INSERT OR ABORT"
  4 "INSERT OR ROLLBACK"
  5 "INSERT OR REPLACE"
  6 "INSERT OR FAIL"
} {
  do_test without_rowid3-20.2.$tn.1 {
    catchsql "$insert INTO cc VALUES(1, 2)"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.2.$tn.2 {
    execsql { SELECT * FROM cc }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.2.$tn.3 {
    execsql {
      BEGIN;
        INSERT INTO pp VALUES(2, 'two');
        INSERT INTO cc VALUES(1, 2);
    }
    catchsql "$insert INTO cc VALUES(3, 4)"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.2.$tn.4 {
    execsql { COMMIT ; SELECT * FROM cc }
  } {1 2}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.2.$tn.5 {
    execsql { DELETE FROM cc ; DELETE FROM pp }
  } {}
}

foreach {tn update} {
  1 "UPDATE"
  2 "UPDATE OR IGNORE"
  3 "UPDATE OR ABORT"
  4 "UPDATE OR ROLLBACK"
  5 "UPDATE OR REPLACE"
  6 "UPDATE OR FAIL"
} {
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.1 {
    execsql {
      INSERT INTO pp VALUES(2, 'two');
      INSERT INTO cc VALUES(1, 2);
    }
  } {}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.2 {
    catchsql "$update pp SET a = 1"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.3 {
    execsql { SELECT * FROM pp }
  } {2 two}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.4 {
    catchsql "$update cc SET d = 1"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.5 {
    execsql { SELECT * FROM cc }
  } {1 2}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.6 {
    execsql {
      BEGIN;
        INSERT INTO pp VALUES(3, 'three');
    }
    catchsql "$update pp SET a = 1 WHERE a = 2"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.7 {
    execsql { COMMIT ; SELECT * FROM pp }
  } {2 two 3 three}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.8 {
    execsql {
      BEGIN;
        INSERT INTO cc VALUES(2, 2);
    }
    catchsql "$update cc SET d = 1 WHERE c = 1"
  } {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.9 {
    execsql { COMMIT ; SELECT * FROM cc }
  } {1 2 2 2}
  do_test without_rowid3-20.3.$tn.10 {
    execsql { DELETE FROM cc ; DELETE FROM pp }
  } {}
}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The following block of tests, those prefixed with "without_rowid3-genfkey.",
# are the same tests that were used to test the ".genfkey" command provided
# by the shell tool. So these tests show that the built-in foreign key
# implementation is more or less compatible with the triggers generated
# by genfkey.
#
drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b, c, UNIQUE(b, c)) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(e REFERENCES t1, f);
    CREATE TABLE t3(g, h, i, FOREIGN KEY (h, i) REFERENCES t1(b, c));
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.2 {
  catchsql { INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 2) }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.3 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 2);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.4 {
  execsql { INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(NULL, 3) }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.5 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t2 SET e = 5 WHERE e IS NULL }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.6 {
  execsql { UPDATE t2 SET e = 1 WHERE e IS NULL }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.7 {
  execsql { UPDATE t2 SET e = NULL WHERE f = 3 }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.8 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t1 SET a = 10 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.9 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t1 SET a = NULL }
} {1 {NOT NULL constraint failed: t1.a}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.10 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.11 {
  execsql { UPDATE t2 SET e = NULL }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.12 {
  execsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET a = 10;
    DELETE FROM t1;
    DELETE FROM t2;
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.13 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, NULL, NULL);
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2, NULL);
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, NULL, 3);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.14 {
  catchsql { INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3, 1, 4) }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.15 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 1, 4);
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3, 1, 4);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.16 {
  catchsql { DELETE FROM t1 }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.17 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t1 SET b = 10}
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.18 {
  execsql { UPDATE t1 SET a = 10}
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.1.19 {
  catchsql { UPDATE t3 SET h = 'hello' WHERE i = 3}
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b, c, UNIQUE(b, c)) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(e REFERENCES t1 ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE, f);
    CREATE TABLE t3(g, h, i,
        FOREIGN KEY (h, i)
        REFERENCES t1(b, c) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 5, 6);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(4, 'four');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.3 {
  execsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET a = 2 WHERE a = 1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {2 one 4 four}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.4 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 4;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {2 one}

do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.5 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES('hello', 2, 3);
    UPDATE t1 SET c = 2;
    SELECT * FROM t3;
  }
} {hello 2 2}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.2.6 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM t1;
    SELECT * FROM t3;
  }
} {}

drop_all_tables
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c, UNIQUE(c, b)) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE TABLE t2(e REFERENCES t1 ON UPDATE SET NULL ON DELETE SET NULL, f);
    CREATE TABLE t3(g, h, i,
        FOREIGN KEY (h, i)
        REFERENCES t1(b, c) ON UPDATE SET NULL ON DELETE SET NULL
    );
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.2 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 5, 6);
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'one');
    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(4, 'four');
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.3 {
  execsql {
    UPDATE t1 SET a = 2 WHERE a = 1;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {{} one 4 four}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.4 {
  execsql {
    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a = 4;
    SELECT * FROM t2;
  }
} {{} one {} four}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.5 {
  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES('hello', 2, 3);
    UPDATE t1 SET c = 2;
    SELECT * FROM t3;
  }
} {hello {} {}}
do_test without_rowid3-genfkey.3.6 {
  execsql {
    UPDATE t3 SET h = 2, i = 2;
    DELETE FROM t1;
    SELECT * FROM t3;
  }
} {hello {} {}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Verify that ticket dd08e5a988d00decc4a543daa8dbbfab9c577ad8 has been
# fixed.
#
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.1 {
  execsql {
    PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;
    CREATE TABLE tdd08(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idd08 ON tdd08(a,b);
    INSERT INTO tdd08 VALUES(200,300);

    CREATE TABLE tdd08_b(w,x,y, FOREIGN KEY(x,y) REFERENCES tdd08(a,b));
    INSERT INTO tdd08_b VALUES(100,200,300);
  }
} {}
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.2 {
  catchsql {
    DELETE FROM tdd08;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.3 {
  execsql {
    SELECT * FROM tdd08;
  }
} {200 300}
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.4 {
  catchsql {
    INSERT INTO tdd08_b VALUES(400,500,300);
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.5 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tdd08_b SET x=x+1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-dd08e5.1.6 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tdd08 SET a=a+1;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Verify that ticket ce7c133ea6cc9ccdc1a60d80441f80b6180f5eba
# fixed.
#
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.1 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE tce71(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT rowid;
    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ice71 ON tce71(a,b);
    INSERT INTO tce71 VALUES(100,200);
    CREATE TABLE tce72(w, x, y, FOREIGN KEY(x,y) REFERENCES tce71(a,b));
    INSERT INTO tce72 VALUES(300,100,200);
    UPDATE tce71 set b = 200 where a = 100;
    SELECT * FROM tce71, tce72;
  }
} {100 200 300 100 200}
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.2 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tce71 set b = 201 where a = 100;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.3 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tce71 set a = 101 where a = 100;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.4 {
  execsql {
    CREATE TABLE tce73(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, UNIQUE(a,b)) WITHOUT rowid;
    INSERT INTO tce73 VALUES(100,200);
    CREATE TABLE tce74(w, x, y, FOREIGN KEY(x,y) REFERENCES tce73(a,b));
    INSERT INTO tce74 VALUES(300,100,200);
    UPDATE tce73 set b = 200 where a = 100;
    SELECT * FROM tce73, tce74;
  }
} {100 200 300 100 200}
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.5 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tce73 set b = 201 where a = 100;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}
do_test without_rowid3-ce7c13.1.6 {
  catchsql {
    UPDATE tce73 set a = 101 where a = 100;
  }
} {1 {FOREIGN KEY constraint failed}}

# Confirm that changes() works on WITHOUT ROWID tables that use the
# xfer optimization.
#
db close
sqlite3 db :memory:
do_execsql_test without_rowid3-30.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,PRIMARY KEY(a,b)) WITHOUT ROWID;
  CREATE TABLE t2(a,b,PRIMARY KEY(a,b)) WITHOUT ROWID;
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2),(3,4),(5,6);
  SELECT changes();
} {3}
do_execsql_test without_rowid3-30.2 {
  INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1;
  SELECT changes();
} {3}

finish_test