Servo is a debug board used for Chromium OS test and development. Depending on the version of Servo, it can connect to a debug header or USB port on the Chrome OS device. The debug header is used primarily during development and is often removed before a device is released to consumers.
Servo is a key enabler for automated testing, including automated firmware testing. It provides:
hdctoolsFor example, it can act as a USB host to simulate connection and removal of external USB devices. It also provides JTAG/SWD support.
Though Servo boards are not publicly distributed or sold (by Google), schematics and layout for each version is available.
See the detailed documentation in Servo v2.
Servo Micro is a self-contained replacement for Yoshi Servo flex. It is meant to be compatible with Servo v2/v3 via servod. The design uses case closed debug software on an STM32 MCU to provide a CCD interface into systems with a Yoshi debug port.
Servo Micro is usually paired with a Servo v4 Type-A, which provides ethernet, dut hub, and muxed usb storage.
See the detailed documentation in Servo Micro.
Servo v4 is the latest test and debug board to work with Google hardware. It combines Case Closed Debug (CCD) with numerous different methods to download data to the DUT and other testing and debug functionality.
See the detailed documentation in Servo v4.
To use Servo, on your Linux workstation you need to build Chromium OS and create a chroot environment.
The hdctools (Chrome OS Hardware Debug & Control Tools) package contains several tools needed to work with servo. Make sure the latest version is installed in your chroot:
(chroot) $ sudo emerge hdctools
On your workstation, servod must also be running to communicate with servo:
(chroot) $ sudo servod -b $BOARD &
WARNING: servod must be run inside a chroot that was launched with the --no-ns-pid flag. It is annoying to always specify this (or forget), so you may want to add this to your $HOME/.bashrc:
alias cros_sdk='cros_sdk --no-ns-pid'
With servod running, dut-control commands can be used to probe and change various controls. For a list of commands, run dut-control with no parameters:
(chroot) $ dut-control
You can toggle GPIOs by specifying the control and the state.
Perform a DUT cold reset:
(chroot) $ dut-control cold_reset:on (chroot) $ sleep 1 (chroot) $ dut-control cold_reset:off
Power-cycle a DUT:
(chroot) $ dut-control power_state:off (chroot) $ dut-control power_state:on
Higher-level controls may set several sub-controls in sequence.
For example, to transition a DUT to recovery mode:
(chroot) $ dut-control power_state:rec
To read the value of a dut-control property, just specify the name of the property:
(chroot) $ dut-control <name_of_property>
For example, to access the CPU or EC UARTs, first check the port mapping with dut-control, then attach a terminal emulator program to the port:
(chroot) $ dut-control cpu_uart_pty (chroot) $ dut-control ec_uart_pty (chroot) $ sudo minicom -D /dev/pts/$PORT
To see all the available dut-control commands, you can do:
(chroot) $ dut-control --info
Servo can also be used for flashing firmware. To flash EC firmware:
(chroot) $ sudo emerge openocd (chroot) $ /mnt/host/source/src/platform/ec/util/flash_ec --board=$BOARD --image=$IMAGE
The procedure for flashing system firmware may vary slightly by platform. Here is a typical command sequence for flashing system firmware on Baytrail-based Chrome devices:
(chroot) $ dut-control spi2_buf_en:on spi2_buf_on_flex_en:on spi2_vref:pp1800 cold_reset:on (chroot) $ sudo flashrom -V -p ft2232_spi:type=google-servo-v2 -w $IMAGE # [need to change for each servo type] (chroot) $ dut-control spi2_buf_en:off spi2_buf_on_flex_en:off spi2_vref:off cold_reset:off
To set up servo to run automated tests, connect the servo board and the test device to the network via Ethernet, and load a Chromium OS image onto USB memory stick. The networking and build image steps are not described here; see FAFT for details on configuring servo to run automated tests. For information on writing tests, see the servo library code in the Chromium OS autotest repo.
It's possible to connect multiple servos at once, which is especially useful for testing/developing against multiple devices. Servo v4 will charge the DUT if a charger is attached to it and also provides an ethernet jack so SSH is always available.
To use multiple servos, you need to run multiple instances of servod, each running on a different port. You also need to specify the servo's serial name.
To find the serialname of connected servos:
(chroot) $ sudo servod
Look for sid:
2019-05-16 13:28:40,301 - servod - INFO - Start 2019-05-16 13:28:40,384 - servod - INFO - Found servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5002 sid: 911416-00789 2019-05-16 13:28:40,386 - servod - INFO - Found servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5002 sid: 911416-00927 2019-05-16 13:28:40,389 - servod - INFO - Found servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5014 sid: 0601002A-922A4826 2019-05-16 13:28:40,389 - servod - INFO - Found servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x501b sid: C1804020116 2019-05-16 13:28:40,389 - servod - INFO - 2019-05-16 13:28:40,391 - servod - INFO - Press '0' for servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5002 sid: 911416-00789 2019-05-16 13:28:40,393 - servod - INFO - Press '1' for servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5002 sid: 911416-00927 2019-05-16 13:28:40,396 - servod - INFO - Press '2' for servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x5014 sid: 0601002A-922A4826 2019-05-16 13:28:40,396 - servod - INFO - Press '3' for servo, vid: 0x18d1 pid: 0x501b sid: C1804020116
# servo v4 (chroot) $ sudo servod --board=nocturne --port 9999 --serialname C1804020116 # servo v2 (chroot) $ sudo servod --board=zerblebarn --serialname 911416-00789 --port 9998 # servo micro (chroot) $ sudo servod --board=hatch --serialname CMO653-00166-040489J03624 --port 9997
NOTE: By default dut-control will use port 9999 (the default servod port). You can specify the --port flag to dut-control to target a specific servod:
(chroot)$ dut-control --port 9998 power_state:off
An even simpler way to deal with multiple servos is to use a .servodrc file. This file lets you map arbitrary symbolic names to servo serial numbers, so you don't have to remember the port when running dut-control.
For complete details on the format see Servo Parsing.
~/.servodrc:
# servo-name, serial-number, port-number (legacy, ignored), board-name (optional), board-model (optional) kohaku, C1706311077, , hatch dragonclaw, CMO653-00166-040489J03624 nocturne, C1804020116, , nocturne
board-name is optional, you probably want to specify it if you know it. Otherwise some controls (e.g., power_state) will not work.With the above .servodrc, you can now simply start servod instances by symbolic name as as follows:
(chroot) $ sudo servod -n kohaku
(chroot) $ dut-control -n kohaku fw_wp_state