time: Revise state abstraction

Make abstract state `State` of HW.Time.Timer, that's used to derive the
Hz value for instance, External. This helps to fix flow issues in the
mutime implementation and also matches real hardware better: The clock
rate may be derived from the hardware state.

HW.Time.Timer.Hz had to be made a volatile function, therefore.

Change-Id: I35af2d0db1acbf9652ea00763aa288545746bb79
Signed-off-by: Nico Huber <nico.huber@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: https://review.coreboot.org/c/libhwbase/+/26838
Tested-by: Nico Huber <nico.h@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Reto Buerki <reet@codelabs.ch>
3 files changed