runc supports cgroup v2 (unified mode) experimentally since v1.0.0-rc91.
To use cgroup v2, you might need to change the configuration of the host init system. Fedora (>= 31) uses cgroup v2 by default and no extra configuration is required. On other systemd-based distros, cgroup v2 can be enabled by adding systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1 to the kernel cmdline.
Yes if /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.controllers is present.
Kernel older than 5.2 is not recommended due to lack of freezer.
Notably, kernel older than 4.15 MUST NOT be used (unless you are running containers with user namespaces), as it lacks support for controlling permissions of devices.
On cgroup v2 hosts, it is highly recommended to run runc with the systemd cgroup driver (runc --systemd-cgroup), though not mandatory.
The recommended systemd version is 244 or later. Older systemd does not support delegation of cpuset controller.
Make sure you also have the dbus-user-session (Debian/Ubuntu) or dbus-daemon (CentOS/Fedora) package installed, and that dbus is running. On Debian-flavored distros, this can be accomplished like so:
$ sudo apt install -y dbus-user-session $ systemctl --user start dbus
On cgroup v2 hosts, rootless runc can talk to systemd to get cgroup permissions to be delegated.
$ runc spec --rootless $ jq '.linux.cgroupsPath="user.slice:runc:foo"' config.json | sponge config.json $ runc --systemd-cgroup run foo
The container processes are executed in a cgroup like /user.slice/user-$(id -u).slice/user@$(id -u).service/user.slice/runc-foo.scope.
Typically, only memory and pids controllers are delegated to non-root users by default.
$ cat /sys/fs/cgroup/user.slice/user-$(id -u).slice/user@$(id -u).service/cgroup.controllers memory pids
To allow delegation of other controllers, you need to change the systemd configuration as follows:
# mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/user@.service.d # cat > /etc/systemd/system/user@.service.d/delegate.conf << EOF [Service] Delegate=cpu cpuset io memory pids EOF # systemctl daemon-reload