| This document is written in pod format hence there are punctuation |
| characters in odd places. Do not worry, you've apparently got the |
| ASCII->EBCDIC translation worked out correctly. You can read more |
| about pod in pod/perlpod.pod or the short summary in the INSTALL file. |
| |
| =head1 NAME |
| |
| perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. |
| |
| =head1 SYNOPSIS |
| |
| This document will help you Configure, build, test and install Perl |
| on BS2000 in the POSIX subsystem. |
| |
| =head1 DESCRIPTION |
| |
| This is a ported perl for the POSIX subsystem in BS2000 VERSION OSD |
| V3.1A or later. It may work on other versions, but we started porting |
| and testing it with 3.1A and are currently using Version V4.0A. |
| |
| You may need the following GNU programs in order to install perl: |
| |
| =head2 gzip on BS2000 |
| |
| We used version 1.2.4, which could be installed out of the box with |
| one failure during 'make check'. |
| |
| =head2 bison on BS2000 |
| |
| The yacc coming with BS2000 POSIX didn't work for us. So we had to |
| use bison. We had to make a few changes to perl in order to use the |
| pure (reentrant) parser of bison. We used version 1.25, but we had to |
| add a few changes due to EBCDIC. See below for more details |
| concerning yacc. |
| |
| =head2 Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000 |
| |
| To extract an ASCII tar archive on BS2000 POSIX you need an ASCII |
| filesystem (we used the mountpoint /usr/local/ascii for this). Now |
| you extract the archive in the ASCII filesystem without |
| I/O-conversion: |
| |
| cd /usr/local/ascii |
| export IO_CONVERSION=NO |
| gunzip < /usr/local/src/perl.tar.gz | pax -r |
| |
| You may ignore the error message for the first element of the archive |
| (this doesn't look like a tar archive / skipping to next file...), |
| it's only the directory which will be created automatically anyway. |
| |
| After extracting the archive you copy the whole directory tree to your |
| EBCDIC filesystem. B<This time you use I/O-conversion>: |
| |
| cd /usr/local/src |
| IO_CONVERSION=YES |
| cp -r /usr/local/ascii/perl5.005_02 ./ |
| |
| =head2 Compiling Perl on BS2000 |
| |
| There is a "hints" file for BS2000 called hints.posix-bc (because |
| posix-bc is the OS name given by `uname`) that specifies the correct |
| values for most things. The major problem is (of course) the EBCDIC |
| character set. We have german EBCDIC version. |
| |
| Because of our problems with the native yacc we used GNU bison to |
| generate a pure (=reentrant) parser for perly.y. So our yacc is |
| really the following script: |
| |
| -----8<-----/usr/local/bin/yacc-----8<----- |
| #! /usr/bin/sh |
| |
| # Bison as a reentrant yacc: |
| |
| # save parameters: |
| params="" |
| while [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; do |
| params="$params $1" |
| shift |
| done |
| |
| # add flag %pure_parser: |
| |
| tmpfile=/tmp/bison.$$.y |
| echo %pure_parser > $tmpfile |
| cat $1 >> $tmpfile |
| |
| # call bison: |
| |
| echo "/usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $1\t\t\t(Pure Parser)" |
| /usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $tmpfile |
| |
| # cleanup: |
| |
| rm -f $tmpfile |
| -----8<----------8<----- |
| |
| We still use the normal yacc for a2p.y though!!! We made a softlink |
| called byacc to distinguish between the two versions: |
| |
| ln -s /usr/bin/yacc /usr/local/bin/byacc |
| |
| We build perl using GNU make. We tried the native make once and it |
| worked too. |
| |
| =head2 Testing Perl on BS2000 |
| |
| We still got a few errors during C<make test>. Some of them are the |
| result of using bison. Bison prints I<parser error> instead of I<syntax |
| error>, so we may ignore them. The following list shows |
| our errors, your results may differ: |
| |
| op/numconvert.......FAILED tests 1409-1440 |
| op/regexp...........FAILED tests 483, 496 |
| op/regexp_noamp.....FAILED tests 483, 496 |
| pragma/overload.....FAILED tests 152-153, 170-171 |
| pragma/warnings.....FAILED tests 14, 82, 129, 155, 192, 205, 207 |
| lib/bigfloat........FAILED tests 351-352, 355 |
| lib/bigfltpm........FAILED tests 354-355, 358 |
| lib/complex.........FAILED tests 267, 487 |
| lib/dumper..........FAILED tests 43, 45 |
| Failed 11/231 test scripts, 95.24% okay. 57/10595 subtests failed, 99.46% okay. |
| |
| =head2 Installing Perl on BS2000 |
| |
| We have no nroff on BS2000 POSIX (yet), so we ignored any errors while |
| installing the documentation. |
| |
| |
| =head2 Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000 |
| |
| BS2000 POSIX doesn't support the shebang notation |
| (C<#!/usr/local/bin/perl>), so you have to use the following lines |
| instead: |
| |
| : # use perl |
| eval 'exec /usr/local/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' |
| if $running_under_some_shell; |
| |
| =head2 Using Perl in "native" BS2000 |
| |
| We don't have much experience with this yet, but try the following: |
| |
| Copy your Perl executable to a BS2000 LLM using bs2cp: |
| |
| C<bs2cp /usr/local/bin/perl 'bs2:perl(perl,l)'> |
| |
| Now you can start it with the following (SDF) command: |
| |
| C</START-PROG FROM-FILE=*MODULE(PERL,PERL),PROG-MODE=*ANY,RUN-MODE=*ADV> |
| |
| First you get the BS2000 commandline prompt ('*'). Here you may enter |
| your parameters, e.g. C<-e 'print "Hello World!\\n";'> (note the |
| double backslash!) or C<-w> and the name of your Perl script. |
| Filenames starting with C</> are searched in the Posix filesystem, |
| others are searched in the BS2000 filesystem. You may even use |
| wildcards if you put a C<%> in front of your filename (e.g. C<-w |
| checkfiles.pl %*.c>). Read your C/C++ manual for additional |
| possibilities of the commandline prompt (look for |
| PARAMETER-PROMPTING). |
| |
| =head2 Floating point anomalies on BS2000 |
| |
| There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on BS2000 POSIX |
| systems such that calling int() on the product of a number and a small |
| magnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the quotient of |
| that number and a large magnitude number. For example, in the following |
| Perl code: |
| |
| my $x = 100000.0; |
| my $y = int($x * 1e-5) * 1e5; # '0' |
| my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5; # '100000' |
| print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000 |
| |
| Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equal |
| to 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000 respectively. |
| |
| =head2 Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions |
| |
| Since version 5.8 Perl uses the new PerlIO on BS2000. This enables |
| you using different encodings per IO channel. For example you may use |
| |
| use Encode; |
| open($f, ">:encoding(ascii)", "test.ascii"); |
| print $f "Hello World!\n"; |
| open($f, ">:encoding(posix-bc)", "test.ebcdic"); |
| print $f "Hello World!\n"; |
| open($f, ">:encoding(latin1)", "test.latin1"); |
| print $f "Hello World!\n"; |
| open($f, ">:encoding(utf8)", "test.utf8"); |
| print $f "Hello World!\n"; |
| |
| to get two files containing "Hello World!\n" in ASCII, EBCDIC, ISO |
| Latin-1 (in this example identical to ASCII) respective UTF-EBCDIC (in |
| this example identical to normal EBCDIC). See the documentation of |
| Encode::PerlIO for details. |
| |
| As the PerlIO layer uses raw IO internally, all this totally ignores |
| the type of your filesystem (ASCII or EBCDIC) and the IO_CONVERSION |
| environment variable. If you want to get the old behavior, that the |
| BS2000 IO functions determine conversion depending on the filesystem |
| PerlIO still is your friend. You use IO_CONVERSION as usual and tell |
| Perl, that it should use the native IO layer: |
| |
| export IO_CONVERSION=YES |
| export PERLIO=stdio |
| |
| Now your IO would be ASCII on ASCII partitions and EBCDIC on EBCDIC |
| partitions. See the documentation of PerlIO (without C<Encode::>!) |
| for further possibilities. |
| |
| =head1 AUTHORS |
| |
| Thomas Dorner |
| |
| =head1 SEE ALSO |
| |
| L<INSTALL>, L<perlport>. |
| |
| =head2 Mailing list |
| |
| If you are interested in the VM/ESA, z/OS (formerly known as OS/390) |
| and POSIX-BC (BS2000) ports of Perl then see the perl-mvs mailing list. |
| To subscribe, send an empty message to perl-mvs-subscribe@perl.org. |
| |
| See also: |
| |
| http://lists.perl.org/list/perl-mvs.html |
| |
| There are web archives of the mailing list at: |
| |
| http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl-mvs/ |
| http://archive.develooper.com/perl-mvs@perl.org/ |
| |
| =head1 HISTORY |
| |
| This document was originally written by Thomas Dorner for the 5.005 |
| release of Perl. |
| |
| This document was podified for the 5.6 release of perl 11 July 2000. |
| |
| =cut |