[Sampling profiler] Reland "Provide timestamp with sample"

Relands 6f0c38206c82a9b39fb7d87b26c9f8466d7d4b3f with the
StackSamplerImplTest.CopyStackTimestamp test updated to aggregate
initialize the thread context to avoid using an uninitialized value.

Records timestamps along with samples and plumbs them through to
the ProfileBuilder interface. The CallStackProfileBuilder subclass
will be updated in a following CL to record the timestamps, to
support retrospective tagging of metadata on the samples.

TBR=thestig@chromium.org,oysteine@chromium.org

Bug: 1034758
Change-Id: Ibc3567a195c148ac2520bc19a757e9f8762823aa
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/1979006
Reviewed-by: Mike Wittman <wittman@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Etienne Pierre-Doray <etiennep@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Mike Wittman <wittman@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#728546}
20 files changed