[Extensions] Add tests for SW registration from injected scripts

Previously, there were no browser tests validating whether scripts
injected by an extension into a web page can register cross-origin,
extension-resource, redirected, or blob URL service workers on the
target web origin. In addition, the browser test
ExtensionWebRequestApiTestWithContextType.WebRequestRedirectsWorkers,
which tests webRequest redirects around workers, was disabled across
platforms due to flakiness, remained on Manifest V2, and lacked test
coverage for chrome-extension:// redirect targets.

With this change, browser tests in
InjectedScriptServiceWorkerBrowserTest and
ExtensionWebRequestApiTestWithContextType explicitly verify that service
worker registration restrictions are enforced for extension-injected
scripts across three scenarios:
- Scenario 1: Registering a service worker from a cross-origin web
  script or an extension resource script. Covered by
  RegisterCrossOriginExtensionResourceOrBlobWorkerFails, verifying
  rejection with SecurityError in both isolated and main worlds.
- Scenario 2: Registering a same-origin service worker and intercepting
  or replacing the script via declarativeNetRequest or webRequest
  redirects. Covered by
  InterceptWorkerScriptViaDnrFailsWithRedirectError (for DNR) and
  InterceptWorkerScriptViaWebRequestFailsWithRedirectError (for
  webRequest), verifying rejection with SecurityError and that no
  registration is created. In addition,
  ExtensionWebRequestApiTestWithContextType.WebRequestRedirectsWorkers
  is revived, converted to Manifest V3, and expanded with
  chrome-extension:// redirect test cases alongside https:// and data:
  URLs across all worker types.
- Scenario 3: Registering a service worker from a same-origin blob
  URL. Covered by
  RegisterCrossOriginExtensionResourceOrBlobWorkerFails, verifying
  rejection with TypeError in both isolated and main worlds.

Bug: 40092884
Change-Id: Id8aa3aeaa68d2f3191bb7e4596e07ac34154b6b9
Fixed: 40255652, 40259518, 40282182, 393555373
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/8427581
Reviewed-by: Andrea Orru <andreaorru@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Justin Lulejian <jlulejian@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#1707525}