extensions: Move image/color types from browserAction to extensionTypes

Specifically, from browser_action.json to extension_types.json. This
allows action.json to use the types without depending on
browser_action.json. This matters on desktop Android, since
browserAction is a manifest V2 API and we don't want to include it
in the desktop Android build.

Bug: 393179880
Test: existing browser_tests
Change-Id: I70d19c2df5437214f3a7528117c43498c8ec32f6
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6583732
Commit-Queue: James Cook <jamescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Devlin Cronin <rdevlin.cronin@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Dunk <oliverdunk@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#1466561}