[Telemetry] Move serial number check to converter

This change moves the check for the serial number permission
for VPD info into the converter. The same was done for the
battery serial number in crrev/c/4480129.

Bug: b/279745154
Test: unit_tests --gtest_filter="*TelemetryApiConverters*"
Change-Id: I0f1b0f7c2b966a00ef418d9ceaf6f65526ee957d
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/4483055
Commit-Queue: Oleh Lamzin <lamzin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleh Lamzin <lamzin@google.com>
Auto-Submit: Bastian Kersting <bkersting@google.com>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#1138241}