Indicate if Play Protect is enabled in APK telemetry reports

For better understanding of end-to-end warning effectiveness, add a new
boolean to APK telemetry reports with whether the user will be protected
by Google Play Protect.

This requires making AndroidTelemetryService::GetReport asynchronous,
which is the bulk of this CL.

Bug: 349939550
Change-Id: I3afd1b61d5a192726848649429540a01a29e99af
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5640094
Commit-Queue: Daniel Rubery <drubery@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Xinghui Lu <xinghuilu@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#1322367}