Introduce profile for lock screen apps

Introduces the profile to be used to run lock screen apps, instead
of sign-in profile.

The profile behavior will be similar to sign-in profile, but using
separate profile allows better isolation between apps running on
login screen and apps running on lock screen (which have different set
of app/extension APIs available), and make inference of lock screen
extension context type more straight forward. Also, this will enable
us to make lock screen app profile ephemeral.

This also updates the way lock_screen_extension context is calculated,
allows background pages in the profile for lock screen apps, and
disables app autoupdates in the lock screen profile (since the app
versions in the profile should correspond to app versions in the user
profile).

BUG=715781,734698

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/2945023002
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#483123}
29 files changed