| <!-- |
| -- This file is auto-generated from README_js.md. Changes should be made there. |
| --> |
| |
| # uuid [](https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid/actions?query=workflow%3ACI) [](https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid/actions/workflows/browser.yml) |
| |
| For the creation of [RFC9562](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9562.html) (formerly [RFC4122](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4122.html)) UUIDs |
| |
| - **Complete** - Support for all RFC9562 UUID versions |
| - **Cross-platform** - Support for... |
| - [Typescript](#support) |
| - [Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge](#support) |
| - [NodeJS](#support) |
| - [React Native / Expo](#react-native--expo) |
| - **Secure** - Uses modern `crypto` API for random values |
| - **Compact** - Zero-dependency, [tree-shakable](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Tree_shaking) |
| - **CLI** - [`uuid` command line](#command-line) utility |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > |
| > Starting with `uuid@12` CommonJS is no longer supported. See [implications](https://gist.github.com/sindresorhus/a39789f98801d908bbc7ff3ecc99d99c) and [motivation](https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid/issues/881) for details. |
| |
| ## Quickstart |
| |
| **1. Install** |
| |
| ```shell |
| npm install uuid |
| ``` |
| |
| **2. Create a UUID** |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv4(); // ⇨ '9b1deb4d-3b7d-4bad-9bdd-2b0d7b3dcb6d' |
| ``` |
| |
| For timestamp UUIDs, namespace UUIDs, and other options read on ... |
| |
| ## API Summary |
| |
| | | | | |
| | --- | --- | --- | |
| | [`uuid.NIL`](#uuidnil) | The nil UUID string (all zeros) | New in `uuid@8.3` | |
| | [`uuid.MAX`](#uuidmax) | The max UUID string (all ones) | New in `uuid@9.1` | |
| | [`uuid.parse()`](#uuidparsestr) | Convert UUID string to array of bytes | New in `uuid@8.3` | |
| | [`uuid.stringify()`](#uuidstringifyarr-offset) | Convert array of bytes to UUID string | New in `uuid@8.3` | |
| | [`uuid.v1()`](#uuidv1options-buffer-offset) | Create a version 1 (timestamp) UUID | | |
| | [`uuid.v1ToV6()`](#uuidv1tov6uuid) | Create a version 6 UUID from a version 1 UUID | New in `uuid@10` | |
| | [`uuid.v3()`](#uuidv3name-namespace-buffer-offset) | Create a version 3 (namespace w/ MD5) UUID | | |
| | [`uuid.v4()`](#uuidv4options-buffer-offset) | Create a version 4 (random) UUID | | |
| | [`uuid.v5()`](#uuidv5name-namespace-buffer-offset) | Create a version 5 (namespace w/ SHA-1) UUID | | |
| | [`uuid.v6()`](#uuidv6options-buffer-offset) | Create a version 6 (timestamp, reordered) UUID | New in `uuid@10` | |
| | [`uuid.v6ToV1()`](#uuidv6tov1uuid) | Create a version 1 UUID from a version 6 UUID | New in `uuid@10` | |
| | [`uuid.v7()`](#uuidv7options-buffer-offset) | Create a version 7 (Unix Epoch time-based) UUID | New in `uuid@10` | |
| | ~~[`uuid.v8()`](#uuidv8)~~ | "Intentionally left blank" | | |
| | [`uuid.validate()`](#uuidvalidatestr) | Test a string to see if it is a valid UUID | New in `uuid@8.3` | |
| | [`uuid.version()`](#uuidversionstr) | Detect RFC version of a UUID | New in `uuid@8.3` | |
| |
| ## API |
| |
| ### uuid.NIL |
| |
| The nil UUID string (all zeros). |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { NIL as NIL_UUID } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| NIL_UUID; // ⇨ '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.MAX |
| |
| The max UUID string (all ones). |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { MAX as MAX_UUID } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| MAX_UUID; // ⇨ 'ffffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.parse(str) |
| |
| Convert UUID string to array of bytes |
| |
| | | | |
| | --------- | ---------------------------------------- | |
| | `str` | A valid UUID `String` | |
| | _returns_ | `Uint8Array[16]` | |
| | _throws_ | `TypeError` if `str` is not a valid UUID | |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > Ordering of values in the byte arrays used by `parse()` and `stringify()` follows the left ↠ right order of hex-pairs in UUID strings. As shown in the example below. |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { parse as uuidParse } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| // Parse a UUID |
| uuidParse('6ec0bd7f-11c0-43da-975e-2a8ad9ebae0b'); // ⇨ |
| // Uint8Array(16) [ |
| // 110, 192, 189, 127, 17, |
| // 192, 67, 218, 151, 94, |
| // 42, 138, 217, 235, 174, |
| // 11 |
| // ] |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.stringify(arr[, offset]) |
| |
| Convert array of bytes to UUID string |
| |
| | | | |
| | -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| | `arr` | `Array`-like collection of 16 values (starting from `offset`) between 0-255. | |
| | [`offset` = 0] | `Number` Starting index in the Array | |
| | _returns_ | `String` | |
| | _throws_ | `TypeError` if a valid UUID string cannot be generated | |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > Ordering of values in the byte arrays used by `parse()` and `stringify()` follows the left ↠ right order of hex-pairs in UUID strings. As shown in the example below. |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { stringify as uuidStringify } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| const uuidBytes = Uint8Array.of( |
| 0x6e, |
| 0xc0, |
| 0xbd, |
| 0x7f, |
| 0x11, |
| 0xc0, |
| 0x43, |
| 0xda, |
| 0x97, |
| 0x5e, |
| 0x2a, |
| 0x8a, |
| 0xd9, |
| 0xeb, |
| 0xae, |
| 0x0b |
| ); |
| |
| uuidStringify(uuidBytes); // ⇨ '6ec0bd7f-11c0-43da-975e-2a8ad9ebae0b' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v1([options[, buffer[, offset]]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 1 (timestamp) UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --- | --- | |
| | [`options`] | `Object` with one or more of the following properties: | |
| | [`options.node = (random)` ] | RFC "node" field as an `Array[6]` of byte values (per 4.1.6) | |
| | [`options.clockseq = (random)`] | RFC "clock sequence" as a `Number` between 0 - 0x3fff | |
| | [`options.msecs = (current time)`] | RFC "timestamp" field (`Number` of milliseconds, unix epoch) | |
| | [`options.nsecs = 0`] | RFC "timestamp" field (`Number` of nanoseconds to add to `msecs`, should be 0-10,000) | |
| | [`options.random = (random)`] | `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) used to generate other fields, above | |
| | [`options.rng`] | Alternative to `options.random`, a `Function` that returns an `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) | |
| | [`buffer`] | `Uint8Array` or `Uint8Array` subtype (e.g. Node.js `Buffer`). If provided, binary UUID is written into the array, starting at `offset` | |
| | [`offset` = 0] | `Number` Index to start writing UUID bytes in `buffer` | |
| | _returns_ | UUID `String` if no `buffer` is specified, otherwise returns `buffer` | |
| | _throws_ | `Error` if more than 10M UUIDs/sec are requested | |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > The default [node id](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9562#section-5.1) (the last 12 digits in the UUID) is generated once, randomly, on process startup, and then remains unchanged for the duration of the process. |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > `options.random` and `options.rng` are only meaningful on the very first call to `v1()`, where they may be passed to initialize the internal `node` and `clockseq` fields. |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v1 as uuidv1 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv1(); // ⇨ '2c5ea4c0-4067-11e9-9b5d-ab8dfbbd4bed' |
| ``` |
| |
| Example using `options`: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v1 as uuidv1 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| const options = { |
| node: Uint8Array.of(0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab), |
| clockseq: 0x1234, |
| msecs: new Date('2011-11-01').getTime(), |
| nsecs: 5678, |
| }; |
| uuidv1(options); // ⇨ '710b962e-041c-11e1-9234-0123456789ab' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v1ToV6(uuid) |
| |
| Convert a UUID from version 1 to version 6 |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v1ToV6 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| v1ToV6('92f62d9e-22c4-11ef-97e9-325096b39f47'); // ⇨ '1ef22c49-2f62-6d9e-97e9-325096b39f47' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v3(name, namespace[, buffer[, offset]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 3 (namespace w/ MD5) UUID |
| |
| API is identical to `v5()`, but uses "v3" instead. |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!IMPORTANT] |
| > Per the RFC, "_If backward compatibility is not an issue, SHA-1 [Version 5] is preferred_." |
| |
| ### uuid.v4([options[, buffer[, offset]]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 4 (random) UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --- | --- | |
| | [`options`] | `Object` with one or more of the following properties: | |
| | [`options.random`] | `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) | |
| | [`options.rng`] | Alternative to `options.random`, a `Function` that returns an `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) | |
| | [`buffer`] | `Uint8Array` or `Uint8Array` subtype (e.g. Node.js `Buffer`). If provided, binary UUID is written into the array, starting at `offset` | |
| | [`offset` = 0] | `Number` Index to start writing UUID bytes in `buffer` | |
| | _returns_ | UUID `String` if no `buffer` is specified, otherwise returns `buffer` | |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv4(); // ⇨ '1b9d6bcd-bbfd-4b2d-9b5d-ab8dfbbd4bed' |
| ``` |
| |
| Example using predefined `random` values: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| const v4options = { |
| random: Uint8Array.of( |
| 0x10, |
| 0x91, |
| 0x56, |
| 0xbe, |
| 0xc4, |
| 0xfb, |
| 0xc1, |
| 0xea, |
| 0x71, |
| 0xb4, |
| 0xef, |
| 0xe1, |
| 0x67, |
| 0x1c, |
| 0x58, |
| 0x36 |
| ), |
| }; |
| uuidv4(v4options); // ⇨ '109156be-c4fb-41ea-b1b4-efe1671c5836' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v5(name, namespace[, buffer[, offset]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 5 (namespace w/ SHA-1) UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --- | --- | |
| | `name` | `String \| Array` | |
| | `namespace` | `String \| Array[16]` Namespace UUID | |
| | [`buffer`] | `Uint8Array` or `Uint8Array` subtype (e.g. Node.js `Buffer`). If provided, binary UUID is written into the array, starting at `offset` | |
| | [`offset` = 0] | `Number` Index to start writing UUID bytes in `buffer` | |
| | _returns_ | UUID `String` if no `buffer` is specified, otherwise returns `buffer` | |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > The RFC `DNS` and `URL` namespaces are available as `v5.DNS` and `v5.URL`. |
| |
| Example with custom namespace: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v5 as uuidv5 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| // Define a custom namespace. Readers, create your own using something like |
| // https://www.uuidgenerator.net/ |
| const MY_NAMESPACE = '1b671a64-40d5-491e-99b0-da01ff1f3341'; |
| |
| uuidv5('Hello, World!', MY_NAMESPACE); // ⇨ '630eb68f-e0fa-5ecc-887a-7c7a62614681' |
| ``` |
| |
| Example with RFC `URL` namespace: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v5 as uuidv5 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv5('https://www.w3.org/', uuidv5.URL); // ⇨ 'c106a26a-21bb-5538-8bf2-57095d1976c1' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v6([options[, buffer[, offset]]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 6 (timestamp, reordered) UUID |
| |
| This method takes the same arguments as uuid.v1(). |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v6 as uuidv6 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv6(); // ⇨ '1e940672-c5ea-64c1-9bdd-2b0d7b3dcb6d' |
| ``` |
| |
| Example using `options`: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v6 as uuidv6 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| const options = { |
| node: [0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab], |
| clockseq: 0x1234, |
| msecs: new Date('2011-11-01').getTime(), |
| nsecs: 5678, |
| }; |
| uuidv6(options); // ⇨ '1e1041c7-10b9-662e-9234-0123456789ab' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v6ToV1(uuid) |
| |
| Convert a UUID from version 6 to version 1 |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v6ToV1 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| v6ToV1('1ef22c49-2f62-6d9e-97e9-325096b39f47'); // ⇨ '92f62d9e-22c4-11ef-97e9-325096b39f47' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.v7([options[, buffer[, offset]]]) |
| |
| Create an RFC version 7 (random) UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --- | --- | |
| | [`options`] | `Object` with one or more of the following properties: | |
| | [`options.msecs = (current time)`] | RFC "timestamp" field (`Number` of milliseconds, unix epoch) | |
| | [`options.random = (random)`] | `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) used to generate other fields, above | |
| | [`options.rng`] | Alternative to `options.random`, a `Function` that returns an `Array` of 16 random bytes (0-255) | |
| | [`options.seq = (random)`] | 32-bit sequence `Number` between 0 - 0xffffffff. This may be provided to help ensure uniqueness for UUIDs generated within the same millisecond time interval. Default = random value. | |
| | [`buffer`] | `Uint8Array` or `Uint8Array` subtype (e.g. Node.js `Buffer`). If provided, binary UUID is written into the array, starting at `offset` | |
| | [`offset` = 0] | `Number` Index to start writing UUID bytes in `buffer` | |
| | _returns_ | UUID `String` if no `buffer` is specified, otherwise returns `buffer` | |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { v7 as uuidv7 } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidv7(); // ⇨ '01695553-c90c-745a-b76f-770d7b3dcb6d' |
| ``` |
| |
| ### ~~uuid.v8()~~ |
| |
| **_"Intentionally left blank"_** |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > Version 8 (experimental) UUIDs are "[for experimental or vendor-specific use cases](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9562.html#name-uuid-version-8)". The RFC does not define a creation algorithm for them, which is why this package does not offer a `v8()` method. The `validate()` and `version()` methods do work with such UUIDs, however. |
| |
| ### uuid.validate(str) |
| |
| Test a string to see if it is a valid UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --------- | --------------------------------------------------- | |
| | `str` | `String` to validate | |
| | _returns_ | `true` if string is a valid UUID, `false` otherwise | |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { validate as uuidValidate } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidValidate('not a UUID'); // ⇨ false |
| uuidValidate('6ec0bd7f-11c0-43da-975e-2a8ad9ebae0b'); // ⇨ true |
| ``` |
| |
| Using `validate` and `version` together it is possible to do per-version validation, e.g. validate for only v4 UUIds. |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { version as uuidVersion } from 'uuid'; |
| import { validate as uuidValidate } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| function uuidValidateV4(uuid) { |
| return uuidValidate(uuid) && uuidVersion(uuid) === 4; |
| } |
| |
| const v1Uuid = 'd9428888-122b-11e1-b85c-61cd3cbb3210'; |
| const v4Uuid = '109156be-c4fb-41ea-b1b4-efe1671c5836'; |
| |
| uuidValidateV4(v4Uuid); // ⇨ true |
| uuidValidateV4(v1Uuid); // ⇨ false |
| ``` |
| |
| ### uuid.version(str) |
| |
| Detect RFC version of a UUID |
| |
| | | | |
| | --------- | ---------------------------------------- | |
| | `str` | A valid UUID `String` | |
| | _returns_ | `Number` The RFC version of the UUID | |
| | _throws_ | `TypeError` if `str` is not a valid UUID | |
| |
| Example: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import { version as uuidVersion } from 'uuid'; |
| |
| uuidVersion('45637ec4-c85f-11ea-87d0-0242ac130003'); // ⇨ 1 |
| uuidVersion('6ec0bd7f-11c0-43da-975e-2a8ad9ebae0b'); // ⇨ 4 |
| ``` |
| |
| <!-- prettier-ignore --> |
| > [!NOTE] |
| > This method returns `0` for the `NIL` UUID, and `15` for the `MAX` UUID. |
| |
| ## Command Line |
| |
| UUIDs can be generated from the command line using `uuid`. |
| |
| ```shell |
| $ npx uuid |
| ddeb27fb-d9a0-4624-be4d-4615062daed4 |
| ``` |
| |
| The default is to generate version 4 UUIDS, however the other versions are supported. Type `uuid --help` for details: |
| |
| ```shell |
| $ npx uuid --help |
| |
| Usage: |
| uuid |
| uuid v1 |
| uuid v3 <name> <namespace uuid> |
| uuid v4 |
| uuid v5 <name> <namespace uuid> |
| uuid v7 |
| uuid --help |
| |
| Note: <namespace uuid> may be "URL" or "DNS" to use the corresponding UUIDs |
| defined by RFC9562 |
| ``` |
| |
| ## `options` Handling for Timestamp UUIDs |
| |
| Prior to `uuid@11`, it was possible for `options` state to interfere with the internal state used to ensure uniqueness of timestamp-based UUIDs (the `v1()`, `v6()`, and `v7()` methods). Starting with `uuid@11`, this issue has been addressed by using the presence of the `options` argument as a flag to select between two possible behaviors: |
| |
| - Without `options`: Internal state is utilized to improve UUID uniqueness. |
| - With `options`: Internal state is **NOT** used and, instead, appropriate defaults are applied as needed. |
| |
| ## Support |
| |
| **Browsers**: `uuid` [builds are tested](/uuidjs/uuid/blob/main/wdio.conf.js) against the latest version of desktop Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge. Mobile versions of these same browsers are expected to work but aren't currently tested. |
| |
| **Node**: `uuid` [builds are tested](https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid/blob/main/.github/workflows/ci.yml#L26-L27) against node ([LTS releases](https://github.com/nodejs/Release)), plus one prior. E.g. At the time of this writing `node@20` is the "maintenance" release and `node@24` is the "current" release, so `uuid` supports `node@18`-`node@24`. |
| |
| **Typescript**: TS versions released within the past two years are supported. [source](https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/49088#issuecomment-2468723715) |
| |
| ## Known issues |
| |
| <!-- This header is referenced as an anchor in src/rng-browser.ts --> |
| |
| ### "getRandomValues() not supported" |
| |
| This error occurs in environments where the standard [`crypto.getRandomValues()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Crypto/getRandomValues) API is not supported. This issue can be resolved by adding an appropriate polyfill: |
| |
| #### React Native / Expo |
| |
| 1. Install [`react-native-get-random-values`](https://github.com/LinusU/react-native-get-random-values#readme) |
| 1. Import it _before_ `uuid`. Since `uuid` might also appear as a transitive dependency of some other imports it's safest to just import `react-native-get-random-values` as the very first thing in your entry point: |
| |
| ```javascript |
| import 'react-native-get-random-values'; |
| import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid'; |
| ``` |
| |
| --- |
| |
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