tests/unit/buffer.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2025 The Khronos Group Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2025 Valve Corporation
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2025 LunarG, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2025 Google, Inc.
 * Modifications Copyright (C) 2020 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 */

#include "../framework/layer_validation_tests.h"
#include "../framework/descriptor_helper.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"

class NegativeBuffer : public VkLayerTest {};

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, UpdateBufferAlignment) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Check alignment parameters for vkCmdUpdateBuffer");
    uint32_t updateData[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 20, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);

    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    // Introduce failure by using dstOffset that is not a multiple of 4
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError(" is not a multiple of 4");
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, 4, updateData);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using dataSize that is not a multiple of 4
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError(" is not a multiple of 4");
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0, 6, updateData);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using dataSize that is < 0
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("must be greater than zero and less than or equal to 65536");
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0, (VkDeviceSize)-44, updateData);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using dataSize that is > 65536
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("must be greater than zero and less than or equal to 65536");
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0, (VkDeviceSize)80000, updateData);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, FillBufferAlignmentAndSize) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Check alignment and size parameters for vkCmdFillBuffer");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 20, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    // Introduce failure by using dstOffset greater than bufferSize
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdFillBuffer-dstOffset-00024");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 40, 4, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using size <= buffersize minus dstoffset
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdFillBuffer-size-00027");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 16, 12, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using dstOffset that is not a multiple of 4
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError(" is not a multiple of 4");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, 4, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using size that is not a multiple of 4
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError(" is not a multiple of 4");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0, 6, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Introduce failure by using size that is zero
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("must be greater than zero");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0, 0, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferViewObject) {
    // Create a single TEXEL_BUFFER descriptor and send it an invalid bufferView
    // First, cause the bufferView to be invalid due to underlying buffer being destroyed
    // Then destroy view itself and verify that same error is hit
    VkResult err;

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    OneOffDescriptorSet descriptor_set(m_device, {
                                                     {0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                                 });
    VkBufferView view;
    {
        vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);
        VkBufferViewCreateInfo bvci = vku::InitStructHelper();
        bvci.buffer = buffer;
        bvci.format = VK_FORMAT_R32_SFLOAT;
        bvci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

        err = vk::CreateBufferView(device(), &bvci, nullptr, &view);
        ASSERT_EQ(VK_SUCCESS, err);
    }
    // First Destroy buffer underlying view which should hit error in CV

    VkWriteDescriptorSet descriptor_write = vku::InitStructHelper();
    descriptor_write.dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_write.dstBinding = 0;
    descriptor_write.descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_write.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER;
    descriptor_write.pTexelBufferView = &view;

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkWriteDescriptorSet-descriptorType-02994");
    vk::UpdateDescriptorSets(device(), 1, &descriptor_write, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Now destroy view itself and verify same error, which is hit in PV this time
    vk::DestroyBufferView(device(), view, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkWriteDescriptorSet-descriptorType-02994");
    vk::UpdateDescriptorSets(device(), 1, &descriptor_write, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, CreateBufferViewNoMemoryBoundToBuffer) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Attempt to create a buffer view with a buffer that has no memory bound to it.");

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-00935");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    // Create a buffer with no bound memory and then attempt to create
    // a buffer view.
    VkBufferCreateInfo buff_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_ci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT;
    buff_ci.size = 256;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buff_ci, vkt::no_mem);
    vkt::BufferView buffer_view(*m_device, buffer, VK_FORMAT_R8_UNORM);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferViewCreateInfoEntries) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Attempt to create a buffer view with invalid create info.");
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    const VkPhysicalDeviceLimits &dev_limits = m_device->Physical().limits_;
    const VkDeviceSize minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment = dev_limits.minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    if (minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment == 1) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires minTexelOffsetAlignment to not be equal to 1";
    }

    const VkFormat format_with_uniform_texel_support = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    if (!BufferFormatAndFeaturesSupported(Gpu(), format_with_uniform_texel_support, VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT)) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires support for VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT";
    }

    // Create a test buffer--buffer must have been created using VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT or
    // VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT, so use a different usage value instead to cause an error
    const uint32_t buffer_size = 1024;
    vkt::Buffer bad_buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buff_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_view_ci.buffer = bad_buffer;
    buff_view_ci.format = format_with_uniform_texel_support;
    buff_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-00932");

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Offset must be less than the size of the buffer, so set it equal to the buffer size to cause an error
    buff_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    buff_view_ci.offset = buffer_size;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-offset-00925");

    // Offset must be a multiple of VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment so add 1 to ensure it is not
    buff_view_ci.offset = minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment + 1;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-offset-02749");

    // Set offset to acceptable value for range tests
    buff_view_ci.offset = minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    // Setting range equal to 0 will cause an error to occur
    buff_view_ci.range = 0;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-range-00928");

    const uint32_t format_size = vkuFormatTexelBlockSize(buff_view_ci.format);
    // Range must be a multiple of the element size of format, so add one to ensure it is not
    buff_view_ci.range = format_size + 1;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-range-00929");

    // Twice the element size of format multiplied by VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::maxTexelBufferElements guarantees range divided by the
    // element size is greater than maxTexelBufferElements, causing failure
    buff_view_ci.range = 2 * static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(format_size) * static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(dev_limits.maxTexelBufferElements);
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-range-00930");

    buff_view_ci.offset = minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    buff_view_ci.range = buffer_size;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-offset-00931");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferViewCreateInfoFeatures) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Attempt to create a buffer view with invalid create info.");
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    const VkPhysicalDeviceLimits &dev_limits = m_device->Physical().limits_;
    const VkDeviceSize minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment = dev_limits.minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    if (minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment == 1) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires minTexelOffsetAlignment to not be equal to 1";
    }

    const VkFormat format_without_texel_support = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8_UNORM;
    VkFormatProperties format_properties;
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(Gpu(), format_without_texel_support, &format_properties);
    if ((format_properties.bufferFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT) ||
        (format_properties.bufferFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT)) {
        GTEST_SKIP()
            << "Test requires no support for VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT nor VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT";
    }

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);
    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buff_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    buff_view_ci.format = format_without_texel_support;
    buff_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    // `buffer` was created using VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT so we can use that for the first buffer test
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-format-08778");

    vkt::Buffer storage_buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);
    buff_view_ci.buffer = storage_buffer;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-format-08779");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferViewMaxTexelBufferElements) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    const VkPhysicalDeviceLimits &dev_limits = m_device->Physical().limits_;
    // Create a new test buffer that is larger than VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::maxTexelBufferElements
    // The spec min max is just 64K, but some implementations support a much larger value than that.
    // Skip the test if the limit is very large to not allocate excessive amounts of memory.
    if (dev_limits.maxTexelBufferElements > 64 * 1024 * 1024) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "maxTexelBufferElements is very large";
    }
    if (dev_limits.minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment == 1) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires minTexelOffsetAlignment to not be equal to 1";
    }

    const VkFormat format_with_uniform_texel_support = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    if (!BufferFormatAndFeaturesSupported(Gpu(), format_with_uniform_texel_support, VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT)) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires support for VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT";
    }

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    const uint32_t format_size = vkuFormatTexelBlockSize(format_with_uniform_texel_support);
    const VkDeviceSize large_resource_size =
        2 * static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(format_size) * static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(dev_limits.maxTexelBufferElements);
    vkt::Buffer large_buffer(*m_device, large_resource_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Offset must be less than the size of the buffer, so set it equal to the buffer size to cause an error
    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buff_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_view_ci.offset = dev_limits.minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    buff_view_ci.format = format_with_uniform_texel_support;
    buff_view_ci.buffer = large_buffer;
    buff_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    // For VK_WHOLE_SIZE, the buffer size - offset must be less than VkPhysicalDeviceLimits::maxTexelBufferElements
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-range-04059");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, TexelBufferAlignmentIn12) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("texelBufferAlignment is not enabled by default in 1.2.");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_2);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    if (DeviceValidationVersion() >= VK_API_VERSION_1_3) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Vulkan version 1.2 or less is required";
    }

    const VkDeviceSize minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment = m_device->Physical().limits_.minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment;
    if (minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment == 1) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires minTexelOffsetAlignment to not be equal to 1";
    }
    if (!BufferFormatAndFeaturesSupported(Gpu(), VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT)) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires support for VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT";
    }

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buff_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_view_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    buff_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;
    buff_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    buff_view_ci.offset = minTexelBufferOffsetAlignment + 1;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buff_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-offset-02749");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, TexelBufferAlignment) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Test VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment.");
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_TEXEL_BUFFER_ALIGNMENT_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::texelBufferAlignment);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();
    VkPhysicalDeviceTexelBufferAlignmentPropertiesEXT align_props = vku::InitStructHelper();
    GetPhysicalDeviceProperties2(align_props);

    const VkFormat format_with_uniform_texel_support = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buff_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    buff_view_ci.format = format_with_uniform_texel_support;
    buff_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    buff_view_ci.offset = 1;
    if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.storageTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02750");
    }
    if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02751");
    }
    vkt::BufferView buffer_view(*m_device, buff_view_ci);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    buff_view_ci.offset = 4;
    if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.storageTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes &&
        !align_props.storageTexelBufferOffsetSingleTexelAlignment) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02750");
    }
    if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes &&
        !align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetSingleTexelAlignment) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02751");
    }
    vkt::BufferView buffer_view2(*m_device, buff_view_ci);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Test a 3-component format
    VkFormatProperties format_properties;
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(Gpu(), VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT, &format_properties);
    if (format_properties.bufferFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT) {
        vkt::Buffer buffer2(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

        // Create a test buffer view
        buff_view_ci.buffer = buffer2;

        buff_view_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT;
        buff_view_ci.offset = 1;
        if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes) {
            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02751");
        }
        vkt::BufferView buffer_view3(*m_device, buff_view_ci);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        buff_view_ci.offset = 4;
        if (buff_view_ci.offset < align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetAlignmentBytes &&
            !align_props.uniformTexelBufferOffsetSingleTexelAlignment) {
            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-buffer-02751");
        }
        vkt::BufferView buffer_view4(*m_device, buff_view_ci);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    }
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, FillBufferWithinRenderPass) {
    // Call CmdFillBuffer within an active renderpass
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdFillBuffer-renderpass");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();

    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    VkMemoryPropertyFlags reqs = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT;

    vkt::Buffer dst_buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, reqs);
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_command_buffer, dst_buffer, 0, 4, 0x11111111);

    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, UpdateBufferWithinRenderPass) {
    // Call CmdUpdateBuffer within an active renderpass
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdUpdateBuffer-renderpass");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();

    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    vkt::Buffer dst_buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);

    VkDeviceSize dstOffset = 0;
    uint32_t Data[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    VkDeviceSize dataSize = sizeof(Data) / sizeof(uint32_t);
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_command_buffer, dst_buffer, dstOffset, dataSize, &Data);

    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IdxBufferAlignmentError) {
    // Bind a BeginRenderPass within an active RenderPass
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-offset-08783");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 7, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, DoubleDelete) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    VkBufferCreateInfo create_info = vkt::Buffer::CreateInfo(32, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT);
    VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    vk::CreateBuffer(device(), &create_info, nullptr, &buffer);
    vk::DestroyBuffer(device(), buffer, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkDestroyBuffer-buffer-parameter");
    vk::DestroyBuffer(device(), buffer, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BindNull) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    VkBufferCreateInfo create_info = vkt::Buffer::CreateInfo(32, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT);
    VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    vk::CreateBuffer(device(), &create_info, nullptr, &buffer);

    VkMemoryRequirements buffer_mem_reqs = {};
    vk::GetBufferMemoryRequirements(device(), buffer, &buffer_mem_reqs);
    VkMemoryAllocateInfo buffer_alloc_info = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_alloc_info.allocationSize = buffer_mem_reqs.size;
    m_device->Physical().SetMemoryType(buffer_mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits, &buffer_alloc_info, 0);
    vkt::DeviceMemory memory(*m_device, buffer_alloc_info);

    vk::DestroyBuffer(device(), buffer, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkBindBufferMemory-buffer-parameter");
    vk::BindBufferMemory(device(), buffer, memory, 0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, VertexBufferOffset) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Submit an offset past the end of a vertex buffer");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();
    const uint32_t maxVertexInputBindings = m_device->Physical().limits_.maxVertexInputBindings;
    const VkDeviceSize vbo_size = 3 * sizeof(float);
    vkt::Buffer vbo(*m_device, vbo_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers-pOffsets-00626");
    // Offset at the end of the buffer
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_command_buffer, 1, 1, &vbo.handle(), &vbo_size);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // firstBinding set over limit
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers-firstBinding-00624");
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_command_buffer, maxVertexInputBindings + 1, 1, &vbo.handle(), &kZeroDeviceSize);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // sum of firstBinding and bindingCount set over limit
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers-firstBinding-00625");
    // bindingCount of 1 puts it over limit
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_command_buffer, maxVertexInputBindings, 1, &vbo.handle(), &kZeroDeviceSize);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IndexBufferOffset) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Submit bad offsets binding the index buffer");

    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_INDEX_TYPE_UINT8_EXTENSION_NAME);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();
    const uint32_t buffer_size = 32;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    // Set offset over buffer size
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-offset-08782");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, buffer_size + 4, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Set offset to be misaligned with index buffer UINT32 type
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-offset-08783");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Test for missing pNext struct for index buffer UINT8 type
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-indexType-08787");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT8);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IndexBuffer2Offset) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Submit bad offsets binding the index buffer using vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_INDEX_TYPE_UINT8_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_5_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance5);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    InitRenderTarget();
    const uint32_t buffer_size = 32;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    // Set offset over buffer size
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2-offset-08782");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR(m_command_buffer, buffer, buffer_size + 4, VK_WHOLE_SIZE, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Set offset to be misaligned with index buffer UINT32 type
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2-offset-08783");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, VK_WHOLE_SIZE, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Test for missing pNext struct for index buffer UINT8 type
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2-indexType-08787");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR(m_command_buffer, buffer, 1, VK_WHOLE_SIZE, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT8);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IndexBuffer2Size) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Submit bad size binding the index buffer using vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_5_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance5);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();

    const uint32_t buffer_size = 32;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
    vk::GetBufferMemoryRequirements(device(), buffer, &mem_reqs);
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2-size-08767");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR(m_command_buffer, buffer, 4, 6, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer2-size-08768");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer2KHR(m_command_buffer, buffer, 4, buffer_size, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.EndRenderPass();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IndexBufferNull) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-None-09493");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IndexBufferNullOffset) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_6_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance6);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    InitRenderTarget();
    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_command_buffer.BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-buffer-09494");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 4, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferUsageFlags2) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("VkBufferUsageFlags2CreateInfoKHR with bad flags.");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_5_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance5);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 32, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkBufferUsageFlags2CreateInfoKHR buffer_usage_flags = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_usage_flags.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_2_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_2_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT;

    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buffer_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper(&buffer_usage_flags);
    buffer_view_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    buffer_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;
    buffer_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buffer_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-pNext-08780");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferUsageFlagsUsage) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Use bad buffer usage flag.");
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_ci.size = 32;
    buffer_ci.usage = 0;
    CreateBufferTest(buffer_ci, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-None-09500");

    buffer_ci.usage = 0x3AD0000;
    CreateBufferTest(buffer_ci, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-None-09499");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BufferUsageFlags2Subset) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("VkBufferUsageFlags2CreateInfoKHR that are not a subset of the Buffer.");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_5_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance5);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 32, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkBufferUsageFlags2CreateInfoKHR buffer_usage_flags = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_usage_flags.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_2_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT;

    VkBufferViewCreateInfo buffer_view_ci = vku::InitStructHelper(&buffer_usage_flags);
    buffer_view_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    buffer_view_ci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;
    buffer_view_ci.buffer = buffer;
    CreateBufferViewTest(buffer_view_ci, "VUID-VkBufferViewCreateInfo-pNext-08781");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, CreateBufferSize) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Attempt to create VkBuffer with size of zero");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo info = vku::InitStructHelper();
    info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
    info.size = 0;
    CreateBufferTest(info, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-size-00912");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, NullBufferCreateInfo) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCreateBuffer-pCreateInfo-parameter");
    vk::CreateBuffer(device(), nullptr, nullptr, &buffer);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, DedicatedAllocationBufferFlags) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Verify that flags are valid with VkDedicatedAllocationBufferCreateInfoNV");

    // Positive test to check parameter_validation and unique_objects support for NV_dedicated_allocation
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_NV_DEDICATED_ALLOCATION_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::sparseBinding);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkDedicatedAllocationBufferCreateInfoNV dedicated_buffer_create_info = vku::InitStructHelper();
    dedicated_buffer_create_info.dedicatedAllocation = VK_TRUE;

    VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_create_info = vku::InitStructHelper(&dedicated_buffer_create_info);
    buffer_create_info.flags = VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT;
    buffer_create_info.size = 1024;
    buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT;
    CreateBufferTest(buffer_create_info, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-pNext-01571");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, FillBufferCmdPoolUnsupported) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION(
        "Use a command buffer with vkCmdFillBuffer that was allocated from a command pool that does not support graphics or "
        "compute opeartions");

    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    auto transfer_family = m_device->TransferOnlyQueueFamily();
    if (!transfer_family.has_value()) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Transfer-only queue family not found";
    }

    vkt::CommandPool pool(*m_device, transfer_family.value(), VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT);
    vkt::CommandBuffer cb(*m_device, pool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY);
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 20, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
    cb.Begin();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdFillBuffer-apiVersion-07894");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(cb, buffer, 0, 12, 0x11111111);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    cb.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, ConditionalRenderingBufferUsage) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Use a buffer without conditional rendering usage when needed.");
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_CONDITIONAL_RENDERING_EXTENSION_NAME);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 1024, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT);

    VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT conditional_rendering_begin = vku::InitStructHelper();
    conditional_rendering_begin.buffer = buffer;

    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT-buffer-01982");
    vk::CmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer, &conditional_rendering_begin);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, ConditionalRenderingOffset) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Begin conditional rendering with invalid offset.");
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_CONDITIONAL_RENDERING_EXTENSION_NAME);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    const uint32_t buffer_size = 128;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buffer_size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_CONDITIONAL_RENDERING_BIT_EXT);

    VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT conditional_rendering_begin = vku::InitStructHelper();
    conditional_rendering_begin.buffer = buffer;
    conditional_rendering_begin.offset = 3;

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT-offset-01984");
    vk::CmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer, &conditional_rendering_begin);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    conditional_rendering_begin.offset = buffer_size;
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT-offset-01983");
    vk::CmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer, &conditional_rendering_begin);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BeginConditionalRendering) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Begin conditional rendering when it is already active.");
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_CONDITIONAL_RENDERING_EXTENSION_NAME);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, 32, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_CONDITIONAL_RENDERING_BIT_EXT);

    VkConditionalRenderingBeginInfoEXT conditional_rendering_begin = vku::InitStructHelper();
    conditional_rendering_begin.buffer = buffer;

    m_command_buffer.Begin();
    vk::CmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer, &conditional_rendering_begin);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT-None-01980");
    vk::CmdBeginConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer, &conditional_rendering_begin);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    vk::CmdEndConditionalRenderingEXT(m_command_buffer);
    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, MaxBufferSize) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("check limit of maxBufferSize");

    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_4_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance4);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkPhysicalDeviceMaintenance4Properties maintenance4_properties = vku::InitStructHelper();
    GetPhysicalDeviceProperties2(maintenance4_properties);

    const VkDeviceSize max_test_size = (1ull << 32);
    if (maintenance4_properties.maxBufferSize >= max_test_size) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "maxBufferSize too large to test";
    }

    VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_create_info = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_create_info.size = maintenance4_properties.maxBufferSize + 1;
    buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
    CreateBufferTest(buffer_create_info, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-size-06409");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, MaxBufferSize13) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-ValidationLayers/issues/8423");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::maintenance4);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkPhysicalDeviceVulkan13Properties props_1_3 = vku::InitStructHelper();
    GetPhysicalDeviceProperties2(props_1_3);

    const VkDeviceSize max_test_size = (1ull << 32);
    if (props_1_3.maxBufferSize >= max_test_size) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "maxBufferSize too large to test";
    }

    VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_create_info = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buffer_create_info.size = props_1_3.maxBufferSize + 1;
    buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
    CreateBufferTest(buffer_create_info, "VUID-VkBufferCreateInfo-size-06409");
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BindIdxBufferWithoutMemory) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo buff_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_ci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT;
    buff_ci.size = 256u;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buff_ci, vkt::no_mem);

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-buffer-08785");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0u, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, IdxBufferInvalidType) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_ACCELERATION_STRUCTURE_EXTENSION_NAME);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo buff_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_ci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT;
    buff_ci.size = 256u;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buff_ci);

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindIndexBuffer-indexType-08786");
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_command_buffer, buffer, 0u, VK_INDEX_TYPE_NONE_KHR);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BindVertexBufferWithoutMemory) {
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo buff_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_ci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT;
    buff_ci.size = 256u;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buff_ci, vkt::no_mem);

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers-pBuffers-00628");
    VkDeviceSize offset = 0u;
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_command_buffer, 0u, 1u, &buffer.handle(), &offset);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BindVertexBuffer2WithoutMemory) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    VkBufferCreateInfo buff_ci = vku::InitStructHelper();
    buff_ci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT;
    buff_ci.size = 256u;
    vkt::Buffer buffer(*m_device, buff_ci, vkt::no_mem);

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers2-pBuffers-03360");
    VkDeviceSize offset = 0u;
    VkDeviceSize size = buff_ci.size;
    VkDeviceSize stride = 4u;
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers2(m_command_buffer, 0u, 1u, &buffer.handle(), &offset, &size, &stride);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}

TEST_F(NegativeBuffer, BindNullVertexBufferWithOffset) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_ROBUSTNESS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredFeature(vkt::Feature::nullDescriptor);
    RETURN_IF_SKIP(Init());

    m_command_buffer.Begin();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredError("VUID-vkCmdBindVertexBuffers2-pBuffers-04112");
    VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    VkDeviceSize offset = 4u;
    VkDeviceSize size = 4u;
    VkDeviceSize stride = 4u;
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers2(m_command_buffer, 0u, 1u, &buffer, &offset, &size, &stride);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_command_buffer.End();
}