Google Git
Sign in
chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / 0835e313380119f56943d46f2d8a7e60a577b45f / . / git-fetch.html
blob: 9f056438dc938c5ca0d3a110b89b5a61bef64778 [file] [log] [blame]
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.6.9" />
<title>git-fetch(1)</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
/* Default font. */
body {
font-family: Georgia,serif;
}
/* Title font. */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.title, caption.title,
thead, p.table.header,
#toctitle,
#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
#footer {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
}
a {
color: blue;
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:visited {
color: fuchsia;
}
em {
font-style: italic;
color: navy;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
color: #083194;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
h2 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
}
h3 {
float: left;
}
h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1.0em;
}
div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 0;
}
hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul > li { color: #aaa; }
ul > li > * { color: black; }
.monospaced, code, pre {
font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#author {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
#email {
}
#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 2.0em;
margin-bottom: 2.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
color: #606060;
}
div.content { /* Block element content. */
padding: 0;
}
/* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
div.title + * {
margin-top: 0;
}
td div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content + div.title {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.5em;
text-align: right;
}
div.verseblock > pre.content {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
text-align: left;
}
/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
div.verseblock + div.attribution {
text-align: left;
}
div.admonitionblock .icon {
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
color: #527bbd;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock td.content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
}
div.exampleblock > div.content {
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
a.image:visited { color: white; }
dl {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
dd > *:first-child {
margin-top: 0.1em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
ol.arabic {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style-type: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style-type: upper-roman;
}
div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
div.compact p, div.compact p,
div.compact div, div.compact div {
margin-top: 0.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.hdlist tr {
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
td.hdlist1 {
vertical-align: top;
font-style: normal;
padding-right: 0.8em;
color: navy;
}
td.hdlist2 {
vertical-align: top;
}
div.hdlist.compact tr {
margin: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
.comment {
background: yellow;
}
.footnote, .footnoteref {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
vertical-align: super;
}
#footnotes {
margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
padding: 7px 0 0 0;
}
#footnotes div.footnote {
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
#footnotes hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid silver;
height: 1px;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 0;
width: 20%;
min-width: 100px;
}
div.colist td {
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.colist td img {
margin-top: 0.3em;
}
@media print {
#footer-badges { display: none; }
}
#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.toclevel2 {
margin-left: 2em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel3 {
margin-left: 4em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel4 {
margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
/*
* xhtml11 specific
*
* */
div.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.tableblock > table {
border: 3px solid #527bbd;
}
thead, p.table.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.table {
margin-top: 0;
}
/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */
div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
border-left-style: none;
border-right-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
border-top-style: none;
border-bottom-style: none;
}
/*
* html5 specific
*
* */
table.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.tableblock {
margin-top: 0;
}
table.tableblock {
border-width: 3px;
border-spacing: 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
border-width: 1px;
padding: 4px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
border-left-style: hidden;
border-right-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-sides {
border-top-style: hidden;
border-bottom-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-none {
border-style: hidden;
}
th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
text-align: left;
}
th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
text-align: center;
}
th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
vertical-align: top;
}
th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
vertical-align: middle;
}
th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
/*
* manpage specific
*
* */
body.manpage h1 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body.manpage h2 {
border-style: none;
}
body.manpage div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 3em;
}
@media print {
body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<![CDATA[*/
var asciidoc = { // Namespace.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Table Of Contents generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Author: Mihai Bazon, September 2002
* http://students.infoiasi.ro/~mishoo
*
* Table Of Content generator
* Version: 0.4
*
* Feel free to use this script under the terms of the GNU General Public
* License, as long as you do not remove or alter this notice.
*/
/* modified by Troy D. Hanson, September 2006. License: GPL */
/* modified by Stuart Rackham, 2006, 2009. License: GPL */
// toclevels = 1..4.
toc: function (toclevels) {
function getText(el) {
var text = "";
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 3 /* Node.TEXT_NODE */) // IE doesn't speak constants.
text += i.data;
else if (i.firstChild != null)
text += getText(i);
}
return text;
}
function TocEntry(el, text, toclevel) {
this.element = el;
this.text = text;
this.toclevel = toclevel;
}
function tocEntries(el, toclevels) {
var result = new Array;
var re = new RegExp('[hH]([1-'+(toclevels+1)+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
}
var entriesToRemove = [];
for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild footnote entries.
var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
var n = 0;
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
n++;
var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
if (!note) {
// Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
// Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
}
noteholder.innerHTML +=
"<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
"<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
}
}
if (n == 0)
noteholder.parentNode.removeChild(noteholder);
else {
// Process footnoterefs.
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnoteref") {
var href = spans[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0].getAttribute("href");
href = href.match(/#.*/)[0]; // Because IE return full URL.
n = refs[href];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
}
}
}
},
install: function(toclevels) {
var timerId;
function reinstall() {
asciidoc.footnotes();
if (toclevels) {
asciidoc.toc(toclevels);
}
}
function reinstallAndRemoveTimer() {
clearInterval(timerId);
reinstall();
}
timerId = setInterval(reinstall, 500);
if (document.addEventListener)
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false);
else
window.onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer;
}
}
asciidoc.install();
/*]]>*/
</script>
</head>
<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-fetch(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-fetch -
Download objects and refs from another repository
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git fetch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] [&lt;repository&gt; [&lt;refspec&gt;&#8230;]]
<em>git fetch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] &lt;group&gt;
<em>git fetch</em> --multiple [&lt;options&gt;] [(&lt;repository&gt; | &lt;group&gt;)&#8230;]
<em>git fetch</em> --all [&lt;options&gt;]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Fetch branches and/or tags (collectively, "refs") from one or more
other repositories, along with the objects necessary to complete their
histories. Remote-tracking branches are updated (see the description
of &lt;refspec&gt; below for ways to control this behavior).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>By default, any tag that points into the histories being fetched is
also fetched; the effect is to fetch tags that
point at branches that you are interested in. This default behavior
can be changed by using the --tags or --no-tags options or by
configuring remote.&lt;name&gt;.tagOpt. By using a refspec that fetches tags
explicitly, you can fetch tags that do not point into branches you
are interested in as well.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><em>git fetch</em> can fetch from either a single named repository or URL,
or from several repositories at once if &lt;group&gt; is given and
there is a remotes.&lt;group&gt; entry in the configuration file.
(See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When no remote is specified, by default the <code>origin</code> remote will be used,
unless there&#8217;s an upstream branch configured for the current branch.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The names of refs that are fetched, together with the object names
they point at, are written to <code>.git/FETCH_HEAD</code>. This information
may be used by scripts or other git commands, such as <a href="git-pull.html">git-pull(1)</a>.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--all
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Fetch all remotes.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-a
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--append
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Append ref names and object names of fetched refs to the
existing contents of <code>.git/FETCH_HEAD</code>. Without this
option old data in <code>.git/FETCH_HEAD</code> will be overwritten.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--depth=&lt;depth&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Limit fetching to the specified number of commits from the tip of
each remote branch history. If fetching to a <em>shallow</em> repository
created by <code>git clone</code> with <code>--depth=&lt;depth&gt;</code> option (see
<a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a>), deepen or shorten the history to the specified
number of commits. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--unshallow
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow
repository to a complete one, removing all the limitations
imposed by shallow repositories.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the source repository is shallow, fetch as much as possible so that
the current repository has the same history as the source repository.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--update-shallow
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
By default when fetching from a shallow repository,
<code>git fetch</code> refuses refs that require updating
.git/shallow. This option updates .git/shallow and accept such
refs.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--dry-run
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Show what would be done, without making any changes.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-f
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When <em>git fetch</em> is used with <code>&lt;rbranch&gt;:&lt;lbranch&gt;</code>
refspec, it refuses to update the local branch
<code>&lt;lbranch&gt;</code> unless the remote branch <code>&lt;rbranch&gt;</code> it
fetches is a descendant of <code>&lt;lbranch&gt;</code>. This option
overrides that check.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-k
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--keep
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Keep downloaded pack.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--multiple
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Allow several &lt;repository&gt; and &lt;group&gt; arguments to be
specified. No &lt;refspec&gt;s may be specified.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-p
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--prune
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
longer exist on the remote. Tags are not subject to pruning
if they are fetched only because of the default tag
auto-following or due to a --tags option. However, if tags
are fetched due to an explicit refspec (either on the command
line or in the remote configuration, for example if the remote
was cloned with the --mirror option), then they are also
subject to pruning.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-n
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-tags
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
By default, tags that point at objects that are downloaded
from the remote repository are fetched and stored locally.
This option disables this automatic tag following. The default
behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.&lt;name&gt;.tagOpt
setting. See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--refmap=&lt;refspec&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When fetching refs listed on the command line, use the
specified refspec (can be given more than once) to map the
refs to remote-tracking branches, instead of the values of
<code>remote.*.fetch</code> configuration variables for the remote
repository. See section on "Configured Remote-tracking
Branches" for details.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-t
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--tags
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Fetch all tags from the remote (i.e., fetch remote tags
<code>refs/tags/*</code> into local tags with the same name), in addition
to whatever else would otherwise be fetched. Using this
option alone does not subject tags to pruning, even if --prune
is used (though tags may be pruned anyway if they are also the
destination of an explicit refspec; see <code>--prune</code>).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
populated submodules should be fetched too. It can be used as a
boolean option to completely disable recursion when set to <em>no</em> or to
unconditionally recurse into all populated submodules when set to
<em>yes</em>, which is the default when this option is used without any
value. Use <em>on-demand</em> to only recurse into a populated submodule
when the superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule&#8217;s
reference to a commit that isn&#8217;t already in the local submodule
clone.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-j
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--jobs=&lt;n&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Number of parallel children to be used for fetching submodules.
Each will fetch from different submodules, such that fetching many
submodules will be faster. By default submodules will be fetched
one at a time.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-recurse-submodules
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as
using the <code>--recurse-submodules=no</code> option).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--submodule-prefix=&lt;path&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Prepend &lt;path&gt; to paths printed in informative messages
such as "Fetching submodule foo". This option is used
internally when recursing over submodules.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--recurse-submodules-default=[yes|on-demand]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
This option is used internally to temporarily provide a
non-negative default value for the --recurse-submodules
option. All other methods of configuring fetch&#8217;s submodule
recursion (such as settings in <a href="gitmodules.html">gitmodules(5)</a> and
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) override this option, as does
specifying --[no-]recurse-submodules directly.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-u
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--update-head-ok
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
By default <em>git fetch</em> refuses to update the head which
corresponds to the current branch. This flag disables the
check. This is purely for the internal use for <em>git pull</em>
to communicate with <em>git fetch</em>, and unless you are
implementing your own Porcelain you are not supposed to
use it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--upload-pack &lt;upload-pack&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
by <em>git fetch-pack</em>, <code>--exec=&lt;upload-pack&gt;</code> is passed to
the command to specify non-default path for the command
run on the other end.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-q
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--quiet
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Pass --quiet to git-fetch-pack and silence any other internally
used git commands. Progress is not reported to the standard error
stream.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-v
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--verbose
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Be verbose.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--progress
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-4
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ipv4
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-6
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ipv6
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
&lt;repository&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The "remote" repository that is the source of a fetch
or pull operation. This parameter can be either a URL
(see the section <a href="#URLS">GIT URLS</a> below) or the name
of a remote (see the section <a href="#REMOTES">REMOTES</a> below).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
&lt;group&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A name referring to a list of repositories as the value
of remotes.&lt;group&gt; in the configuration file.
(See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
&lt;refspec&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specifies which refs to fetch and which local refs to update.
When no &lt;refspec&gt;s appear on the command line, the refs to fetch
are read from <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code> variables instead
(see <a href="#CRTB">CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES</a> below).
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The format of a &lt;refspec&gt; parameter is an optional plus
<code>+</code>, followed by the source ref &lt;src&gt;, followed
by a colon <code>:</code>, followed by the destination ref &lt;dst&gt;.
The colon can be omitted when &lt;dst&gt; is empty.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>tag &lt;tag&gt;</code> means the same as <code>refs/tags/&lt;tag&gt;:refs/tags/&lt;tag&gt;</code>;
it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The remote ref that matches &lt;src&gt;
is fetched, and if &lt;dst&gt; is not empty string, the local
ref that matches it is fast-forwarded using &lt;src&gt;.
If the optional plus <code>+</code> is used, the local ref
is updated even if it does not result in a fast-forward
update.</p></div>
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Note</div>
</td>
<td class="content">When the remote branch you want to fetch is known to
be rewound and rebased regularly, it is expected that
its new tip will not be descendant of its previous tip
(as stored in your remote-tracking branch the last time
you fetched). You would want
to use the <code>+</code> sign to indicate non-fast-forward updates
will be needed for such branches. There is no way to
determine or declare that a branch will be made available
in a repository with this behavior; the pulling user simply
must know this is the expected usage pattern for a branch.</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git_urls_a_id_urls_a">GIT URLS<a id="URLS"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the
address of the remote server, and the path to the repository.
Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
absent.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp,
and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
deprecated; do not use it).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and
should be used with caution on unsecured networks.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The following syntaxes may be used with them:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
ssh://&#91;user@&#93;host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
git://host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
http&#91;s&#93;://host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
ftp&#91;s&#93;://host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
&#91;user@&#93;host.xz:path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
colon. For example the local path <code>foo:bar</code> could be specified as an
absolute path or <code>./foo:bar</code> to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
url.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The ssh and git protocols additionally support ~username expansion:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
ssh://&#91;user@&#93;host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/~&#91;user&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
git://host.xz&#91;:port&#93;/~&#91;user&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
&#91;user@&#93;host.xz:/~&#91;user&#93;/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
syntaxes may be used:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
/path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
file:///path/to/repo.git/
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except when cloning, when
the former implies --local option. See <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a> for
details.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When Git doesn&#8217;t know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
attempts to use the <em>remote-&lt;transport&gt;</em> remote helper, if one
exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
may be used:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
&lt;transport&gt;::&lt;address&gt;
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>where &lt;address&gt; may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary
URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being
invoked. See <a href="gitremote-helpers.html">gitremote-helpers(1)</a> for details.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
configuration section of the form:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "&lt;actual url base&gt;"]
insteadOf = &lt;other url base&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, with this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "git://git.host.xz/"]
insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
insteadOf = work:</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
configuration section of the form:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "&lt;actual url base&gt;"]
pushInsteadOf = &lt;other url base&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, with this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "ssh://example.org/"]
pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
"ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
use the original URL.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_remotes_a_id_remotes_a">REMOTES<a id="REMOTES"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The name of one of the following can be used instead
of a URL as <code>&lt;repository&gt;</code> argument:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
a remote in the Git configuration file: <code>$GIT_DIR/config</code>,
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
a file in the <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code> directory, or
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
a file in the <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code> directory.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All of these also allow you to omit the refspec from the command line
because they each contain a refspec which git will use by default.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_remote_in_configuration_file">Named remote in configuration file</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a remote which you had previously
configured using <a href="git-remote.html">git-remote(1)</a>, <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>
or even by a manual edit to the <code>$GIT_DIR/config</code> file. The URL of
this remote will be used to access the repository. The refspec
of this remote will be used by default when you do
not provide a refspec on the command line. The entry in the
config file would appear like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [remote "&lt;name&gt;"]
url = &lt;url&gt;
pushurl = &lt;pushurl&gt;
push = &lt;refspec&gt;
fetch = &lt;refspec&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>&lt;pushurl&gt;</code> is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
to <code>&lt;url&gt;</code>.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_file_in_code_git_dir_remotes_code">Named file in <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a
file in <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code>. The URL
in this file will be used to access the repository. The refspec
in this file will be used as default when you do not
provide a refspec on the command line. This file should have the
following format:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> URL: one of the above URL format
Push: &lt;refspec&gt;
Pull: &lt;refspec&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>Push:</code> lines are used by <em>git push</em> and
<code>Pull:</code> lines are used by <em>git pull</em> and <em>git fetch</em>.
Multiple <code>Push:</code> and <code>Pull:</code> lines may
be specified for additional branch mappings.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_file_in_code_git_dir_branches_code">Named file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a
file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code>.
The URL in this file will be used to access the repository.
This file should have the following format:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> &lt;url&gt;#&lt;head&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>&lt;url&gt;</code> is required; <code>#&lt;head&gt;</code> is optional.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Depending on the operation, git will use one of the following
refspecs, if you don&#8217;t provide one on the command line.
<code>&lt;branch&gt;</code> is the name of this file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code> and
<code>&lt;head&gt;</code> defaults to <code>master</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>git fetch uses:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> refs/heads/&lt;head&gt;:refs/heads/&lt;branch&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>git push uses:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> HEAD:refs/heads/&lt;head&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_configured_remote_tracking_branches_a_id_crtb_a">CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES<a id="CRTB"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>You often interact with the same remote repository by
regularly and repeatedly fetching from it. In order to keep track
of the progress of such a remote repository, <code>git fetch</code> allows you
to configure <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code> configuration variables.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Typically such a variable may look like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>[remote "origin"]
fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This configuration is used in two ways:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
When <code>git fetch</code> is run without specifying what branches
and/or tags to fetch on the command line, e.g. <code>git fetch origin</code>
or <code>git fetch</code>, <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code> values are used as
the refspecs&#8212;they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs
to update. The example above will fetch
all branches that exist in the <code>origin</code> (i.e. any ref that matches
the left-hand side of the value, <code>refs/heads/*</code>) and update the
corresponding remote-tracking branches in the <code>refs/remotes/origin/*</code>
hierarchy.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
When <code>git fetch</code> is run with explicit branches and/or tags
to fetch on the command line, e.g. <code>git fetch origin master</code>, the
&lt;refspec&gt;s given on the command line determine what are to be
fetched (e.g. <code>master</code> in the example,
which is a short-hand for <code>master:</code>, which in turn means
"fetch the <em>master</em> branch but I do not explicitly say what
remote-tracking branch to update with it from the command line"),
and the example command will
fetch <em>only</em> the <em>master</em> branch. The <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code>
values determine which
remote-tracking branch, if any, is updated. When used in this
way, the <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code> values do not have any
effect in deciding <em>what</em> gets fetched (i.e. the values are not
used as refspecs when the command-line lists refspecs); they are
only used to decide <em>where</em> the refs that are fetched are stored
by acting as a mapping.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The latter use of the <code>remote.&lt;repository&gt;.fetch</code> values can be
overridden by giving the <code>--refmap=&lt;refspec&gt;</code> parameter(s) on the
command line.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_output">OUTPUT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The output of "git fetch" depends on the transport method used; this
section describes the output when fetching over the Git protocol
(either locally or via ssh) and Smart HTTP protocol.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The status of the fetch is output in tabular form, with each line
representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> &lt;flag&gt; &lt;summary&gt; &lt;from&gt; -&gt; &lt;to&gt; [&lt;reason&gt;]</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The status of up-to-date refs is shown only if the --verbose option is
used.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In compact output mode, specified with configuration variable
fetch.output, if either entire <code>&lt;from&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;to&gt;</code> is found in the
other string, it will be substituted with <code>*</code> in the other string. For
example, <code>master -&gt; origin/master</code> becomes <code>master -&gt; origin/*</code>.</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
flag
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A single character indicating the status of the ref:
</p>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
(space)
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully fetched fast-forward;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>+</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successful forced update;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>-</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully pruned ref;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>t</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successful tag update;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>*</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully fetched new ref;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>!</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a ref that was rejected or failed to update; and
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>=</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a ref that was up to date and did not need fetching.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
summary
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
For a successfully fetched ref, the summary shows the old and new
values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
<code>git log</code> (this is <code>&lt;old&gt;..&lt;new&gt;</code> in most cases, and
<code>&lt;old&gt;...&lt;new&gt;</code> for forced non-fast-forward updates).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
from
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The name of the remote ref being fetched from, minus its
<code>refs/&lt;type&gt;/</code> prefix. In the case of deletion, the name of
the remote ref is "(none)".
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
to
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The name of the local ref being updated, minus its
<code>refs/&lt;type&gt;/</code> prefix.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
reason
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully fetched
refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
failure is described.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Update the remote-tracking branches:
</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git fetch origin</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The above command copies all branches from the remote refs/heads/
namespace and stores them to the local refs/remotes/origin/ namespace,
unless the branch.&lt;name&gt;.fetch option is used to specify a non-default
refspec.</p></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Using refspecs explicitly:
</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches <code>pu</code> and <code>tmp</code> in
the local repository by fetching from the branches (respectively)
<code>pu</code> and <code>maint</code> from the remote repository.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>pu</code> branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward,
because it is prefixed with a plus sign; <code>tmp</code> will not be.</p></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Peek at a remote&#8217;s branch, without configuring the remote in your local
repository:
</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git fetch git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git maint
$ git log FETCH_HEAD</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The first command fetches the <code>maint</code> branch from the repository at
<code>git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git</code> and the second command uses
<code>FETCH_HEAD</code> to examine the branch with <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>. The fetched
objects will eventually be removed by git&#8217;s built-in housekeeping (see
<a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>).</p></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_bugs">BUGS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the
just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be
fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without
having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git
version.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-pull.html">git-pull(1)</a></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2016-07-19 14:36:50 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>