src/chromiumos/tast/local/bundles/cros/arc/clipboard.go - chromiumos/platform/tast-tests - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2018 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 // found in the LICENSE file.

 package arc

 import (
 	"context"
 	"regexp"
 	"time"

 	"chromiumos/tast/errors"
 	"chromiumos/tast/local/android/ui"
 	"chromiumos/tast/local/arc"
 	"chromiumos/tast/local/chrome"
 	"chromiumos/tast/local/chrome/ui/mouse"
 	"chromiumos/tast/testing"
 )

 func init() {
 	testing.AddTest(&testing.Test{
 		Func:         Clipboard,
 		Desc:         "Tests copying and pasting from Chrome to Android and vice versa",
 		Contacts:     []string{"ruanc@chromium.org", "yhanada@chromium.org", "arc-framework+tast@google.com"},
 		SoftwareDeps: []string{"chrome"},
 		Fixture:      "arcBooted",
 		Params: []testing.Param{{
 			ExtraAttr:         []string{"group:mainline"},
 			ExtraSoftwareDeps: []string{"android_p"},
 		}, {
 			Name:              "vm",
 			ExtraSoftwareDeps: []string{"android_vm"},
 			ExtraAttr:         []string{"group:mainline", "informational"},
 		}},
 	})
 }

 // idPrefix is the prefix to all view IDs in the helper Android app.
 const idPrefix = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard:id/"

 // A copyFunc encapsulates a "copy" operation which is predecided (e.g. data to
 // be copied and clipboard destination).
 type copyFunc func(context.Context) error

 // A copyFunc encapsulates a "paste" operation which is predecided (e.g.
 // clipboard source and paste mechanism).
 type pasteFunc func(context.Context) (string, error)

 // prepareCopyInChrome sets up a copy operation with Chrome as the source
 // clipboard.
 func prepareCopyInChrome(tconn *chrome.TestConn, format, data string) copyFunc {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return tconn.Call(ctx, nil, `
 		  (format, data) => {
 		    document.addEventListener('copy', (event) => {
 		      event.clipboardData.setData(format, data);
 		      event.preventDefault();
 		    }, {once: true});
 		    if (!document.execCommand('copy')) {
 		      throw new Error('Failed to execute copy');
 		    }
 		  }`, format, data,
 		)
 	}
 }

 // preparePasteInChrome sets up a paste operation with Chrome as the
 // destination clipboard.
 func preparePasteInChrome(tconn *chrome.TestConn, format string) pasteFunc {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
 		var result string
 		if err := tconn.Call(ctx, &result, `
 		  (format) => {
 		    let result;
 		    document.addEventListener('paste', (event) => {
 		      result = event.clipboardData.getData(format);
 		    }, {once: true});
 		    if (!document.execCommand('paste')) {
 			    throw new Error('Failed to execute paste');
 		    }
 		    return result;
 		  }`, format,
 		); err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
 		return result, nil
 	}
 }

 // prepareCopyInAndroid sets up a copy operation with Android as the source
 // clipboard. The Android helper app we use during this test has a series of
 // buttons which populate some views with text (hard-coded into the app); in
 // order to execute a copy operation, we first have to click a button (the
 // writeDataBtnID) to populate the right text and then we click the
 // "copy_button". Since the text to copy is hard-coded into the android app,
 // this helper ensures that the app and this test are in-sync with regards to
 // the text that we expect to be copied, by checking that the provided
 // viewIDForGetText contains the provided expected string.
 func prepareCopyInAndroid(d *ui.Device, writeDataBtnID, viewIDForGetText, expected string) copyFunc {
 	const copyID = idPrefix + "copy_button"

 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		if err := d.Object(ui.ID(writeDataBtnID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
 			return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to set text in Android EditText")
 		}
 		if text, err := d.Object(ui.ID(viewIDForGetText)).GetText(ctx); err != nil {
 			return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to obtain Android text")
 		} else if text != expected {
 			return errors.Errorf("failed to set up the content to be copied in Android: got %q; want %q", text, expected)
 		}
 		if err := d.Object(ui.ID(copyID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
 			return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to copy the text in Android")
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
 }

 // preparePasteInAndroid sets up a paste operation with Android as the
 // destination clipboard. Specifically: in the Android helper app, the
 // "paste_button" is clicked and the contents of the provided view ID is
 // returned via GetText.
 func preparePasteInAndroid(d *ui.Device, viewIDForGetText string) pasteFunc {
 	const pasteID = idPrefix + "paste_button"

 	return func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
 		if err := d.Object(ui.ID(pasteID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
 			return "", errors.Wrap(err, "failed to paste")
 		}

 		text, err := d.Object(ui.ID(viewIDForGetText)).GetText(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", errors.Wrap(err, "failed to obtain pasted text")
 		}
 		return text, nil
 	}
 }

 func Clipboard(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
 	const (
 		apk = "ArcClipboardTest.apk"
 		pkg = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard"
 		cls = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard.ClipboardActivity"

 		titleID = idPrefix + "text_view"
 		title   = "HTML tags goes here"

 		editTextID = idPrefix + "edit_message"
 		textViewID = idPrefix + "text_view"
 	)

 	p := s.FixtValue().(*arc.PreData)
 	cr := p.Chrome
 	a := p.ARC

 	tconn, err := cr.TestAPIConn(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to create Test API connection: ", err)
 	}

 	s.Log("Starting app")
 	if err := a.Install(ctx, arc.APKPath(apk)); err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed installing app: ", err)
 	}
 	act, err := arc.NewActivity(a, pkg, cls)
 	if err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to create a new activity: ", err)
 	}
 	defer act.Close()
 	if err := act.Start(ctx, tconn); err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to start the activity: ", err)
 	}
 	defer act.Stop(ctx, tconn)

 	s.Log("Waiting for App showing up")
 	d, err := a.NewUIDevice(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed initializing UI Automator: ", err)
 	}
 	defer d.Close(ctx)
 	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(titleID), ui.Text(title)).WaitForExists(ctx, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to wait for the app shown: ", err)
 	}

 	rect, err := act.WindowBounds(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to get the window bounds: ", err)
 	}

 	// Click the center of the activity from Chrome to generate the first mouse event, because
 	// Wayland's set_selection should be associated with a valid serial number from an actual event.
 	if err := mouse.Click(ctx, tconn, rect.CenterPoint(), mouse.LeftButton); err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("Failed to click the center of the app: ", err)
 	}

 	s.Log("Waiting for chrome.clipboard API to become available")
 	if err := tconn.WaitForExpr(ctx, "chrome.clipboard"); err != nil {
 		s.Fatal("chrome.clipboard API unavailable: ", err)
 	}

 	// Copy image from Chrome to Android.
 	s.Run(ctx, "CopyImageFromChromeToAndroid", func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
 		const encodedImage = "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"

 		// Copy image in Chrome. This creates a temporary dom to be copied,
 		// and destroys it after the copy operation.
 		if err := tconn.Call(ctx, nil, `(encodedImage) => {
                   const img = document.createElement('img');
                   img.src = 'data:image/png;base64,' + encodedImage;
                   const container = document.createElement('div');
                   container.appendChild(img);
                   document.body.appendChild(container);
                   try {
                     const range = document.createRange();
                     range.selectNodeContents(container);
                     const selection = window.getSelection();
                     selection.removeAllRanges();
                     selection.addRange(range);
                     return document.execCommand('copy');
                   } finally {
                     document.body.removeChild(container);
                   }
                 }`, encodedImage); err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to copy image in Chrome: ", err)
 		}

 		pasteAndroid := preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID)
 		// Paste in Android.
 		androidHTML, err := pasteAndroid(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to obtain pasted text: ", err)
 		}

 		// Verify the result.
 		// Note: style attribute is added by Chrome before the image is copied to Android.
 		re := regexp.MustCompile(`^<img src="data:image/png;base64,(.+?)" style=".+?">$`)
 		if m := re.FindStringSubmatch(androidHTML); m == nil {
 			s.Fatalf("Failed to find pasted image in Android: got %q", androidHTML)
 		} else if m[1] != encodedImage {
 			s.Fatalf("Unexpected paste result: got %q; want %q", m[1], encodedImage)
 		}
 	})

 	s.Run(ctx, "CopyHTMLFromChromeToAndroidWithObserver", func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
 		const (
 			observerEnableID   = idPrefix + "enable_observer_button"
 			observerDisableID  = idPrefix + "disable_observer_button"
 			observerTextViewID = idPrefix + "observer_view"
 			observerReady      = "Observer ready"
 		)
 		// Enable observer and wait for it to be ready to prevent a possible race.
 		if err := d.Object(ui.ID(observerEnableID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to enable observer: ", err)
 		}
 		defer d.Object(ui.ID(observerDisableID)).Click(ctx)
 		if err := d.Object(ui.ID(observerTextViewID)).WaitForText(ctx, observerReady, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to wait for observer ready: ", err)
 		}

 		// Copy in Chrome, so the registered observer should paste the clipboard content in Android.
 		const content = "<b>observer</b> should paste this"
 		chromeCopy := prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/html", content)
 		if err := chromeCopy(ctx); err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to copy in Chrome: ", err)
 		}

 		// Paste and Verify the result.
 		pasteAndroid := preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID)
 		if html, err := pasteAndroid(ctx); err != nil {
 			s.Fatal("Failed to obtain pasted text: ", err)
 		} else if html != content {
 			s.Errorf("Failed to copy HTML from Chrome to Android: got %q; want %q", html, content)
 		}
 	})

 	const (
 		// clicking writeTextBtnID causes the "Test Text 1234" message to show up
 		// in the editTextID.
 		writeTextBtnID          = idPrefix + "write_text_button"
 		expectedTextFromAndroid = "Test Text 1234"
 		// clicking writeHTMLBtnID causes the following HTML to show up in the
 		// textViewID.
 		writeHTMLBtnID          = idPrefix + "write_html_button"
 		expectedHTMLFromAndroid = `<p dir="ltr">test <b>HTML</b> 1234</p>`

 		testTextFromChrome = "Text to be copied from Chrome to Android"
 		testHTMLFromChrome = "<b>bold</b><i>italics</i>"
 	)

 	for _, row := range []struct {
 		name string

 		copyFunc       copyFunc
 		pasteFunc      pasteFunc
 		wantPastedData string
 	}{{
 		"CopyTextFromChromeToAndroid",
 		prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/plain", testTextFromChrome),
 		preparePasteInAndroid(d, editTextID),
 		testTextFromChrome,
 	}, {
 		"CopyTextFromAndroidToChrome",
 		prepareCopyInAndroid(d, writeTextBtnID, editTextID, expectedTextFromAndroid),
 		preparePasteInChrome(tconn, "text/plain"),
 		expectedTextFromAndroid,
 	}, {
 		"CopyHTMLFromChromeToAndroid",
 		prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/plain", testHTMLFromChrome),
 		preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID),
 		testHTMLFromChrome,
 	}, {
 		"CopyHTMLFromAndroidToChrome",
 		prepareCopyInAndroid(d, writeHTMLBtnID, textViewID, expectedHTMLFromAndroid),
 		preparePasteInChrome(tconn, "text/html"),
 		expectedHTMLFromAndroid,
 	}} {
 		s.Run(ctx, row.name, func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			if err := row.copyFunc(ctx); err != nil {
 				s.Fatal("Failed to copy: ", err)
 			}

 			// Rather than assuming the copy is effective ~immediately, we have to
 			// poll because the latency of the operation is slower in newer
 			// kernels (e.g. 5.4, at time of writing). See b/157615371 for
 			// historical background.
 			afterCopy := time.Now()
 			attempt := 0
 			err := testing.Poll(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 				got, err := row.pasteFunc(ctx)
 				if err != nil {
 					// We never expect pasting to fail: break from the poll.
 					return testing.PollBreak(errors.Wrap(err, "failed to paste"))
 				}
 				attempt++
 				if got == row.wantPastedData {
 					msSinceStart := time.Since(start).Seconds() * 1000
 					msToPaste := time.Since(afterCopy).Seconds() * 1000
 					msToCopy := msSinceStart - msToPaste
 					s.Logf("Found expected paste data on attempt #%d; copy took %0.3f ms, paste worked after %0.3f ms", attempt, msToCopy, msToPaste)
 					return nil
 				}
 				return errors.Errorf("after %d paste attempts, the pasted value was %q instead of %q", attempt, got, row.wantPastedData)
 			}, &testing.PollOptions{
 				// Running the actual paste operation from Chrome to Android can
 				// take a long time even for a single iteration (e.g. around 1
 				// second), so we are forced to give a relatively high upper bound
 				// for the overall timeout.
 				Timeout: 5 * time.Second,
 				// The latencies we are interested in observing are in the
 				// magnitude of tens of milliseconds (for some test cases), so
 				// sleep a very short amount of time.
 				Interval: 5 * time.Millisecond,
 			})
 			if err != nil {
 				s.Fatal("Failed during paste retry loop: ", err)
 			}
 		})
 	}

 	// TODO(ruanc): Copying big text (500Kb) is blocked by https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=916882
 }
	// Copyright 2018 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
	// found in the LICENSE file.

	package arc

	import (
	"context"
	"regexp"
	"time"

	"chromiumos/tast/errors"
	"chromiumos/tast/local/android/ui"
	"chromiumos/tast/local/arc"
	"chromiumos/tast/local/chrome"
	"chromiumos/tast/local/chrome/ui/mouse"
	"chromiumos/tast/testing"
	)

	func init() {
	testing.AddTest(&testing.Test{
	Func: Clipboard,
	Desc: "Tests copying and pasting from Chrome to Android and vice versa",
	Contacts: []string{"ruanc@chromium.org", "yhanada@chromium.org", "arc-framework+tast@google.com"},
	SoftwareDeps: []string{"chrome"},
	Fixture: "arcBooted",
	Params: []testing.Param{{
	ExtraAttr: []string{"group:mainline"},
	ExtraSoftwareDeps: []string{"android_p"},
	}, {
	Name: "vm",
	ExtraSoftwareDeps: []string{"android_vm"},
	ExtraAttr: []string{"group:mainline", "informational"},
	}},
	})
	}

	// idPrefix is the prefix to all view IDs in the helper Android app.
	const idPrefix = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard:id/"

	// A copyFunc encapsulates a "copy" operation which is predecided (e.g. data to
	// be copied and clipboard destination).
	type copyFunc func(context.Context) error

	// A copyFunc encapsulates a "paste" operation which is predecided (e.g.
	// clipboard source and paste mechanism).
	type pasteFunc func(context.Context) (string, error)

	// prepareCopyInChrome sets up a copy operation with Chrome as the source
	// clipboard.
	func prepareCopyInChrome(tconn *chrome.TestConn, format, data string) copyFunc {
	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
	return tconn.Call(ctx, nil, `
	(format, data) => {
	document.addEventListener('copy', (event) => {
	event.clipboardData.setData(format, data);
	event.preventDefault();
	}, {once: true});
	if (!document.execCommand('copy')) {
	throw new Error('Failed to execute copy');
	}
	}`, format, data,
	)
	}
	}

	// preparePasteInChrome sets up a paste operation with Chrome as the
	// destination clipboard.
	func preparePasteInChrome(tconn *chrome.TestConn, format string) pasteFunc {
	return func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
	var result string
	if err := tconn.Call(ctx, &result, `
	(format) => {
	let result;
	document.addEventListener('paste', (event) => {
	result = event.clipboardData.getData(format);
	}, {once: true});
	if (!document.execCommand('paste')) {
	throw new Error('Failed to execute paste');
	}
	return result;
	}`, format,
	); err != nil {
	return "", err
	}
	return result, nil
	}
	}

	// prepareCopyInAndroid sets up a copy operation with Android as the source
	// clipboard. The Android helper app we use during this test has a series of
	// buttons which populate some views with text (hard-coded into the app); in
	// order to execute a copy operation, we first have to click a button (the
	// writeDataBtnID) to populate the right text and then we click the
	// "copy_button". Since the text to copy is hard-coded into the android app,
	// this helper ensures that the app and this test are in-sync with regards to
	// the text that we expect to be copied, by checking that the provided
	// viewIDForGetText contains the provided expected string.
	func prepareCopyInAndroid(d *ui.Device, writeDataBtnID, viewIDForGetText, expected string) copyFunc {
	const copyID = idPrefix + "copy_button"

	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(writeDataBtnID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
	return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to set text in Android EditText")
	}
	if text, err := d.Object(ui.ID(viewIDForGetText)).GetText(ctx); err != nil {
	return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to obtain Android text")
	} else if text != expected {
	return errors.Errorf("failed to set up the content to be copied in Android: got %q; want %q", text, expected)
	}
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(copyID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
	return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to copy the text in Android")
	}
	return nil
	}
	}

	// preparePasteInAndroid sets up a paste operation with Android as the
	// destination clipboard. Specifically: in the Android helper app, the
	// "paste_button" is clicked and the contents of the provided view ID is
	// returned via GetText.
	func preparePasteInAndroid(d *ui.Device, viewIDForGetText string) pasteFunc {
	const pasteID = idPrefix + "paste_button"

	return func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(pasteID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
	return "", errors.Wrap(err, "failed to paste")
	}

	text, err := d.Object(ui.ID(viewIDForGetText)).GetText(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	return "", errors.Wrap(err, "failed to obtain pasted text")
	}
	return text, nil
	}
	}

	func Clipboard(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
	const (
	apk = "ArcClipboardTest.apk"
	pkg = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard"
	cls = "org.chromium.arc.testapp.clipboard.ClipboardActivity"

	titleID = idPrefix + "text_view"
	title = "HTML tags goes here"

	editTextID = idPrefix + "edit_message"
	textViewID = idPrefix + "text_view"
	)

	p := s.FixtValue().(*arc.PreData)
	cr := p.Chrome
	a := p.ARC

	tconn, err := cr.TestAPIConn(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to create Test API connection: ", err)
	}

	s.Log("Starting app")
	if err := a.Install(ctx, arc.APKPath(apk)); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed installing app: ", err)
	}
	act, err := arc.NewActivity(a, pkg, cls)
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to create a new activity: ", err)
	}
	defer act.Close()
	if err := act.Start(ctx, tconn); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to start the activity: ", err)
	}
	defer act.Stop(ctx, tconn)

	s.Log("Waiting for App showing up")
	d, err := a.NewUIDevice(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed initializing UI Automator: ", err)
	}
	defer d.Close(ctx)
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(titleID), ui.Text(title)).WaitForExists(ctx, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to wait for the app shown: ", err)
	}

	rect, err := act.WindowBounds(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to get the window bounds: ", err)
	}

	// Click the center of the activity from Chrome to generate the first mouse event, because
	// Wayland's set_selection should be associated with a valid serial number from an actual event.
	if err := mouse.Click(ctx, tconn, rect.CenterPoint(), mouse.LeftButton); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to click the center of the app: ", err)
	}

	s.Log("Waiting for chrome.clipboard API to become available")
	if err := tconn.WaitForExpr(ctx, "chrome.clipboard"); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("chrome.clipboard API unavailable: ", err)
	}

	// Copy image from Chrome to Android.
	s.Run(ctx, "CopyImageFromChromeToAndroid", func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
	const encodedImage = "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"

	// Copy image in Chrome. This creates a temporary dom to be copied,
	// and destroys it after the copy operation.
	if err := tconn.Call(ctx, nil, `(encodedImage) => {
	const img = document.createElement('img');
	img.src = 'data:image/png;base64,' + encodedImage;
	const container = document.createElement('div');
	container.appendChild(img);
	document.body.appendChild(container);
	try {
	const range = document.createRange();
	range.selectNodeContents(container);
	const selection = window.getSelection();
	selection.removeAllRanges();
	selection.addRange(range);
	return document.execCommand('copy');
	} finally {
	document.body.removeChild(container);
	}
	}`, encodedImage); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to copy image in Chrome: ", err)
	}

	pasteAndroid := preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID)
	// Paste in Android.
	androidHTML, err := pasteAndroid(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to obtain pasted text: ", err)
	}

	// Verify the result.
	// Note: style attribute is added by Chrome before the image is copied to Android.
	re := regexp.MustCompile(`^<img src="data:image/png;base64,(.+?)" style=".+?">$`)
	if m := re.FindStringSubmatch(androidHTML); m == nil {
	s.Fatalf("Failed to find pasted image in Android: got %q", androidHTML)
	} else if m[1] != encodedImage {
	s.Fatalf("Unexpected paste result: got %q; want %q", m[1], encodedImage)
	}
	})

	s.Run(ctx, "CopyHTMLFromChromeToAndroidWithObserver", func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
	const (
	observerEnableID = idPrefix + "enable_observer_button"
	observerDisableID = idPrefix + "disable_observer_button"
	observerTextViewID = idPrefix + "observer_view"
	observerReady = "Observer ready"
	)
	// Enable observer and wait for it to be ready to prevent a possible race.
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(observerEnableID)).Click(ctx); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to enable observer: ", err)
	}
	defer d.Object(ui.ID(observerDisableID)).Click(ctx)
	if err := d.Object(ui.ID(observerTextViewID)).WaitForText(ctx, observerReady, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to wait for observer ready: ", err)
	}

	// Copy in Chrome, so the registered observer should paste the clipboard content in Android.
	const content = "<b>observer</b> should paste this"
	chromeCopy := prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/html", content)
	if err := chromeCopy(ctx); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to copy in Chrome: ", err)
	}

	// Paste and Verify the result.
	pasteAndroid := preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID)
	if html, err := pasteAndroid(ctx); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to obtain pasted text: ", err)
	} else if html != content {
	s.Errorf("Failed to copy HTML from Chrome to Android: got %q; want %q", html, content)
	}
	})

	const (
	// clicking writeTextBtnID causes the "Test Text 1234" message to show up
	// in the editTextID.
	writeTextBtnID = idPrefix + "write_text_button"
	expectedTextFromAndroid = "Test Text 1234"
	// clicking writeHTMLBtnID causes the following HTML to show up in the
	// textViewID.
	writeHTMLBtnID = idPrefix + "write_html_button"
	expectedHTMLFromAndroid = `<p dir="ltr">test <b>HTML</b> 1234</p>`

	testTextFromChrome = "Text to be copied from Chrome to Android"
	testHTMLFromChrome = "<b>bold</b><i>italics</i>"
	)

	for _, row := range []struct {
	name string

	copyFunc copyFunc
	pasteFunc pasteFunc
	wantPastedData string
	}{{
	"CopyTextFromChromeToAndroid",
	prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/plain", testTextFromChrome),
	preparePasteInAndroid(d, editTextID),
	testTextFromChrome,
	}, {
	"CopyTextFromAndroidToChrome",
	prepareCopyInAndroid(d, writeTextBtnID, editTextID, expectedTextFromAndroid),
	preparePasteInChrome(tconn, "text/plain"),
	expectedTextFromAndroid,
	}, {
	"CopyHTMLFromChromeToAndroid",
	prepareCopyInChrome(tconn, "text/plain", testHTMLFromChrome),
	preparePasteInAndroid(d, textViewID),
	testHTMLFromChrome,
	}, {
	"CopyHTMLFromAndroidToChrome",
	prepareCopyInAndroid(d, writeHTMLBtnID, textViewID, expectedHTMLFromAndroid),
	preparePasteInChrome(tconn, "text/html"),
	expectedHTMLFromAndroid,
	}} {
	s.Run(ctx, row.name, func(ctx context.Context, s *testing.State) {
	start := time.Now()
	if err := row.copyFunc(ctx); err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed to copy: ", err)
	}

	// Rather than assuming the copy is effective ~immediately, we have to
	// poll because the latency of the operation is slower in newer
	// kernels (e.g. 5.4, at time of writing). See b/157615371 for
	// historical background.
	afterCopy := time.Now()
	attempt := 0
	err := testing.Poll(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
	got, err := row.pasteFunc(ctx)
	if err != nil {
	// We never expect pasting to fail: break from the poll.
	return testing.PollBreak(errors.Wrap(err, "failed to paste"))
	}
	attempt++
	if got == row.wantPastedData {
	msSinceStart := time.Since(start).Seconds() * 1000
	msToPaste := time.Since(afterCopy).Seconds() * 1000
	msToCopy := msSinceStart - msToPaste
	s.Logf("Found expected paste data on attempt #%d; copy took %0.3f ms, paste worked after %0.3f ms", attempt, msToCopy, msToPaste)
	return nil
	}
	return errors.Errorf("after %d paste attempts, the pasted value was %q instead of %q", attempt, got, row.wantPastedData)
	}, &testing.PollOptions{
	// Running the actual paste operation from Chrome to Android can
	// take a long time even for a single iteration (e.g. around 1
	// second), so we are forced to give a relatively high upper bound
	// for the overall timeout.
	Timeout: 5 * time.Second,
	// The latencies we are interested in observing are in the
	// magnitude of tens of milliseconds (for some test cases), so
	// sleep a very short amount of time.
	Interval: 5 * time.Millisecond,
	})
	if err != nil {
	s.Fatal("Failed during paste retry loop: ", err)
	}
	})
	}

	// TODO(ruanc): Copying big text (500Kb) is blocked by https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=916882
	}